1. Organs and Organ Systems

3. Organs
Organ: an organized group of tissues that perform a specific function
It is important to keep our organs healthy and functioning properly
When an organ isn’t working properly because of disease or injury we sometimes can transplant a healthy or part of an organ from a donor
Often transplanted:
Kidney
Liver
Lungs
Heart

4. Animal Organs
Skin
Lung
Heart
Esophagus
Stomach
Intestines

5. Plant Organs Roots: Leaf: Anchor plant in the soil
Collect water from surrounding soil and transport it to the stem
Store food that is made in other parts of the plant
Many different tissues: epidermal (root cap), meristematic tissue, ground tissue and vascular tissue (centre of root)
Leaf:
Tissues in leaf work together to perform photosynthesis
Vascular tissue transports water up to leaf and takes away sugars produced
Mostly made up of specialized ground tissue - mesophyll

6. Plant Organs Stem: Two major functions
Transports water and nutrients throughout plant
Supports leaves and flowers
Tissues: epidermal, ground tissue, vascular
Flower
Reproductive structure of the plant – produces seeds

7. Organ Systems
Organ System: consists of a group of organs that work together to carry out specific duties in the body.

8. Animal Organ Systems
Biologists categorize organ systems according to their main functions
There are 11 main organ systems in the human body

9. Integumentary System Organs Involved: skin, hair, nails, glands
Basic Functions:
Covers and protects body
Glands help control body temperature

10. Skeletal System Organs Involved: bones, cartilage Basic Functions:
Supports body
Allows movement
Protects the body

11. Muscular System Organs Involved:
skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, tendons, ligaments
Basic Functions:
Works with skeletal system to provide movement
Moves materials within body

12. Digestive System Organs Involved:
mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, gall bladder, liver, intestines, rectum
Basic Functions:
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption of nutrients
Elimination of solid wastes

13. Respiratory System Organs Involved:
nose, mouth, trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm
Basic Function:
Exchange of gases

14. Circulatory System Organs Involved: heart, blood vessels, blood
Basic Functions:
Transportation of materials (such as oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and wastes) within body

15. Nervous System Organs Involved: brain, nerves, spinal cord
Basic Functions:
Controls body functions
Coordinates responses and activities

16. Endocrine System Organs Involved:
glands (pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, adrenals), pancreas, ovaries (females), testes (males)
Basic Functions:
Controls growth and development
Controls metabolism

17. Excretory System Organs Involved:
skin, kidney, bladder, ureter, urethra
Basic Functions:
Elimination of wastes

18. Reproductive System Organs Involved:
female: ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, uterus
male: testes, epididymis, vas deferens, penis, urethra
Basic Functions:
Reproduction

19. Lymphatic System Organs Involved:
white blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph vessels
Basic Functions:
Protects body from disease
Circulates fluid called lymph
Absorbs and transports fats

20. Plant Organ Systems A plant has two organ systems: Shoot system:
Includes everything above ground (stem, leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits)
Root system:
Includes everything below ground