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Blood.

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Presentation on theme: "Blood."— Presentation transcript:

1 Blood

2 Components of Blood Whole blood Red Blood Cells: Transport O2 to cells
White Blood Cells: Fight pathogens Platelets: aid in clotting Plasma 90% water (solvent) Solutes: Amino acids, glucose, hormones, vitamins, salts, waste, antibodies

3 ABO Blood Groups Antigens:
Proteins that help identify cells as foreign or natural Found on surface of RBCs Help to determine your blood type Analogy: Antigens are like jerseys Antibodies: Float freely in plasma Attack anything with foreign antigens ABO Blood Groups

4 Group A blood RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface
What would happen if a virus with B antigens entered your blood? Your B antibodies will attack and kill this virus. Vein B antibody B antibody B antibody B antibody RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface B antibodies in your plasma only attack invaders with B antigens

5 Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

6 Group A blood RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface
What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? Your B antibodies will attack, and cause clots to form. This person will die. Vein B antibody B antibody B antibody B antibody RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface B antibodies in your plasma only attack invaders with B antigens

7 Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

8 Group B blood RBC’s have B antigens on their surface
What would happen if a virus with A antigens invaded your blood? The A antibodies would attack and kill the virus. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody A antibody RBC’s have B antigens on their surface A antibodies in your plasma only attack invaders with A antigens

9 Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

10 Group B blood RBC’s have B antigens on their surface
Their A antibodies would attack the donated blood, causing blood clots. This person would die. What would happen if this person was given type A blood during a transfusion? Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody A antibody RBC’s have B antigens on their surface A antibodies in your plasma only attack invaders with A antigens

11 Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

12 Group AB blood RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface
They do not have antibodies to attack these viruses. What would happen if this person was invaded by the viruses below? Vein RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface Neither A nor B antibodies in your plasma Can you predict the antibodies they will have?

13 Group AB blood RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface
Nothing bad would happen. They have no antibodies to attack this blood. Nothing bad would happen. They have no antibodies to attack this blood. What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? What would happen if you gave this person type A blood? Vein RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface Neither A nor B antibodies in your plasma

14 Group O blood What would happen if this person was invaded by the viruses below? The antibodies would attack and kill the viruses. Vein A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma will attack invaders with A or B antigens Can you predict the antibodies they will have?

15 Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

16 Group O blood The A antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. What would happen if you gave this person type A blood? Vein A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma will attack invaders with A or B antigens

17 Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

18 Group O blood The B antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? Vein A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma will attack invaders with A or B antigens

19 Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

20 Group O blood What would happen if you gave this person type AB blood? Both the A and B antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. Vein A antibody A antibody B antibody B antibody Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma will attack invaders with A or B antigens

21 Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

22 If you have type A blood, can you receive:
Quick Questions If you have type A blood, can you receive: Type A blood? Type B blood? Type AB blood? Type O blood? Yes No No Yes B antibodies will attack any blood with B antigens.

23 If you have type B blood, can you receive:
Type A blood? Type AB blood? Type O blood? Yes No No Yes A antibodies will attack any blood with A antigens.

24 They have neither A nor B antibodies.
If you have type AB blood, can you receive: Type AB blood? Type A blood? Type B blood? Type O blood? Yes Yes Yes Yes They have neither A nor B antibodies.

25 If you have type O blood, can you receive:
Type A blood? Type B blood? Type AB blood? Yes No No No A antibodies will attack any blood with A antigens. B antibodies will attack any blood with B antigens.

26

27

28 Rh Factors If Rh+ If Rh- Cells contain the Rh antigen (jersey)
Blood does NOT contain Rh antibody Can receive Rh+ or Rh- blood If Rh- Cells lack the Rh antigen, but… Blood contains Rh antibody Only receive Rh- blood

29 Blood type B+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh
Practice problem Blood type B+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

30 Blood type AB+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh
Practice problem Blood type AB+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

31 Blood type O+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh
Practice problem Blood type O+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

32 Blood type AB- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh
Practice problem Blood type AB- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

33 Blood type O- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh
Practice problem Blood type O- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh

34 Scenario One Francis was just in a bad accident and lost a lot of blood. He is blood type B+. Can you help save him?

35 Blood type B+ Antigens: Which does he have? A B Rh
Antibodies: Which does he have? A B Rh

36 Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens
Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given B+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive B+ blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

37 Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens
Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given B- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive B- blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

38 Agglutination: clumping of the blood
Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given A+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive A+ blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

39 Agglutination: clumping of the blood
Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given A- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive A- blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

40 Agglutination: clumping of the blood
Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given AB+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB+ blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

41 Agglutination: clumping of the blood
Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given AB- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB- blood? No. Agglutination: clumping of the blood Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

42 Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens
Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given O+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive O+ blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

43 Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens
Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given O- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive O- blood? Yes. Vein A antibody A antibody A antibody

44 Scenario Two Sebastian was just involved in an accident at work and lost a lot of blood. He is blood type A-. Can you help save him?

45 Blood type A- Antigens: Which does he have? A B Rh
Antibodies: Which does he have? A B Rh

46 Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen
Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given A- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive A- blood? Yes. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

47 Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen
Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given A+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the Rh antibodies will attack. Can he receive A+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

48 Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen
Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given B- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the B antibodies will attack. Can he receive B- blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

49 Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen
Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given B+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive B+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

50 Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen
Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given AB- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the B antibodies attack. Can he receive AB- blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

51 Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen
Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given AB+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

52 Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen
Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given O+ blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the Rh antibodies will attack. Can he receive O+ blood? No. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

53 Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen
Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given O- blood in a transfusion… Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. His A antibodies only attack A antigens. Can he receive O- blood? Yes. Vein B antibody Rh antibody Rh antibody B antibody B antibody Rh antibody

54 1) Can this work? No! The acceptor has A & B
Practice problem 1) Can this work? Acceptor O- Donor AB- No! The acceptor has A & B antibodies. Their antibodies would attack the A & B antigens of the donated blood.

55 2) Can this work? Yes! The acceptor only has
Practice problem 2) Can this work? Acceptor A+ Donor A- Yes! The acceptor only has Rh antibodies. Since the donated blood has no Rh antigens, this is safe.

56 3) Can this work? Yes! The acceptor has the Rh
AB- Donor B- Yes! The acceptor has the Rh antibodies. There are no Rh antigens on the donated blood.

57 Review What are the components found inside blood?
What are the ingredients of plasma? What is the purpose/function of RBCs? Which part of blood stop bleeding when cut? What do antibodies bind with? If a person has type AB-, which antigens do they possess? Which antibodies? If a person has type O+, which antigens do they possess? Which antibodies? If a person is type A-, list all the blood types this person can receive in a transfusion. If a person is type O-, list all the blood types this person can receive in a transfusion.

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