1. ENZYMES 2-4

2. Chemical reactions need help to get started.
Ex: A fire needs a match to get it started.

3. ______________ to get a chemical reaction _______________
= ________________________
Energy required
STARTED
ACTIVATION ENERGY
ACTIVATION ENERGY
REACTANTS
PRODUCTS
Image from: Pearson Education Inc, publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved

4. ___________ HELP CHEMICAL REACTIONS _______________ HAPPEN FASTER
Image from: Pearson Education Inc, publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved
CATALYSTS
___________ HELP CHEMICAL REACTIONS _______________
HAPPEN FASTER
Catalysts work by ____________ the
___________________________to get a chemical reaction started.
DECREASING
ACTIVATION ENERGY required

5. IT’S LIKE PUSHING A SNOWBALL UP A HILL
Once it gets to top . . .
it can roll back all by itself

6. CATALYSTS in Living Things
Image from:
CATALYSTS in Living Things
In living systems __________ that
________________to control chemical reactions are called
= _________
PROTEINS
act as catalysts
ENZYMES
SEE ANIMATION of AMYLASE
More about this in Chapters 7,8,9 and 12

7. PROTEINS CAN BE ENZYMES
SUBSTRATE
ENZYME-SUBSTRATE
COMPLEX
ENZYME Unchanged
& Reusable
PRODUCTS
Image modified from:
Arrow:

8. Click HERE to learn more about enzymes
ENZYMES _____ like
a _______________
to only _________of _________.
Enzymes are ___________ by the reaction and ___________
FIT
LOCK AND KEY
SUBSTRATE
ONE KIND
UNCHANGED
REUSABLE

9. FACTORS THAT AFFECT ENZYME ACTIVITY
__________ & ______________
Conditions that are TOO ACIDIC
or TOO HOT cause proteins to
________ or _________ pH
temperature
UNWIND DENATURE
See a movie
Choose narrated

10. changes shape ACTIVE SITE CAN’T BIND
Denaturing _______ the _______ of the ______________ so enzyme ______________ to ____________
changes
shape
ACTIVE SITE
CAN’T BIND
SUBSTRATE
_______________ (keeping pH and temperature constant) is ______________ for maintaining ____________________
HOMEOSTASIS
IMPORTANT
ENZYME FUNCTION
Image modified from:

11. -ASE
Many enzyme NAMES end in _____
and the beginning of the name tells what it does
DNA Polymerase= “polymerizes”
joins monomers to make DNA
Protease=
breaks down proteins
ATP synthase= synthesizes ATP