1. English Civil War & Revolution
Chapter 11 Section 1

2. Essential Questions Why did Charles I Struggle as a leader?
What action did Charles I take against Parliament?
What was the Petition of Right?
What things made Charles I a tyrant?
What is long Parliament?
What actions led to a civil war in 1642?
Who is Oliver Cromwell, and what was his role in the civil war?
Why does Charles II take over the throne in 1660?

3. Charles I
Believed in the divine right of kings, like his father James I.
Not in touch with the people
Married to a French princess.

4. Parliament Petition of Right:
He tried to force them to pay him money and would imprison them if they did not.
Petition of Right:
King could not tax without approval from Parliament.
Could not declare martial law.
Could not board soldiers at homes during a time of peace.
Could not prison without a specific charge.

5. Charles & Parliament
Charles would Continue to impose taxes anyway, refused to call Parliament into session for 11 years.
Charles began to attack anyone who was not Anglican and became a tyrant.
Harshly punished Puritans & critics of the government.

6. House of Parliament

7. Charles & Parliament
Long Parliament: met in 1640 on and off for 20 year.
Money to put down the Scottish Protestant rebellion by the Presbyterians.
Public support shift from Parliament to Charles I
Parliament wanted to change the Anglican Church.
Charles led troops to the House of Commons and arrested some of his opponents. civil war broke out: in 1642

8. Civil War
Oliver Cromwell a Puritan would lead the New Model Army and defeat Charles I.
Lord Protector of England
England = Commonwealth or republic
What is a republic?
Charles would run to Scotland and be tried for treason.
Beheaded in 1649 at Whitehall.

11. Cromwell Tried to establish a constitution
First European nation to create one.
Reasons why he was not overthrown
Raised enough money from taxes to support army.
Army was disciplined and powerful.
His enemies had no army to fight him

12. Lord Protectors
Oliver Cromwell Richard Cromwell

13. Richard Cromwell Very weak leader Lost army support
People lost faith in the commonwealth
Parliament would ask Charles II to come back to England and become King in 1660.
English Revolution
civil war years