1. Long Term Causes
of the Civil War
NCSCOS Goal 3
Page 19

2. Question of State’s Rights
Federalism
System of multiple governments in order to give more localized decision making power
- 10th Amendment
Rights reserved for the states
-Idea of nullification
If states think laws are against the Constitution, they do not have to follow them

3. The Debate Over Slavery
“Abolition and the Union cannot coexist…We of the South will not, cannot, surrender our institutions.”
John C. Calhoun
-Pro-slavery
Slavery should be allowed everywhere
-Anti-slavery
Slavery should not be allowed anywhere
-Opposed growth of slavery
Slavery should be limited to where it already exists

4. The History of Nullification
-Sedition Acts
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
-Tariff laws
1828 Tariff Crisis
-Slavery Issues
Southern threats to nullify any anti-slavery law
Thomas Jefferson Threatens Nullification in the Kentucky Resolution
John C. Calhoun Threatens Nullification of the ‘Tariff of Abominations’

5. Sectionalism
-Issues become more and more regional in nature
-Slavery, tariffs, economics
All disagreements between North and South
-Industrial north
More technology and money
-Agricultural south
Depend on trade with other nations

6. (a.k.a. Missouri Compromise)
Compromise of 1820
(a.k.a. Missouri Compromise)
-Drew a line to determine the future areas of slavery
36-30 line of division
-Solved the slavery debate for about 20 years
“Can we as a nation Continue together permanently – forever – half slave and half free?”
Abraham Lincoln

7. Compromise of 1850
-Wilmot Proviso tried to block slavery in old Mexican areas but is defeated in Congress
-California applies for statehood
Debate begins and Clay organizes compromise
-California admitted as free state (North Likes)
-South gets stronger Fugitive law (South Likes)
-Popular Sovereignty to help
decide future cases of slavery
People of states choose for themselves

8. Underground Railroad
- Many early attempts at escape relied on luck
- Network of anti-slavery advocates who helped slaves escape
- Many times slaves needed to get to Canada to be totally free
-Harriet Tubman
“Black Moses”

9. The Underground Railroad
“There’s two things I got a right to and these are Death and Liberty. One or the other I mean to have.”
Harriet Tubman

10. Follow the Drinking Gourd
The riverbank will make a very good road, The dead trees show you the way, Left foot, peg foot traveling on, Following the drinking gourd.
The river ends between two hills, Follow the drinking gourd, There's another tree on the other side, Follow the drinking gourd.
Where the great big river meets the little river, Follow the drinking gourd,
The old man is waiting,
for to carry you to freedom If you follow the drinking gourd
Follow the drinking gourd, Follow the drinking gourd, For the old man is waiting
for to carry you to freedom
If you follow the drinking gourd
When the sun comes back
and the first quail calls,
Follow the drinking gourd, For the old man is waiting

11. Fugitive Slave Law
- Allowed slave catchers to go into free areas and capture runaway slaves
- Made it a crime to help any runaway
Suspected slaves need not be given a trial or a chance to testify
Law angered Northern abolitionists
Law eased southern fears of anti-slavery reformers