1. BRK3286
SQL Server 2016 High Availability and Disaster Recovery in private and hybrid cloud deployments
Denny Cherry

2.
Denny
Cherry
@mrdenny

3. Agenda AlwaysOn Failover Clustering AlwaysOn Availability Groups
9/18/2018 9:46 PM
Agenda
Single Site
Multiple Sites
AlwaysOn Failover Clustering
Single Sites
On Premises and Azure
AlwaysOn Availability Groups
What's New for Availability Groups
SQL Server 2016
© 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

4. AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instances (FCI)

5. SQL Server Cluster Configuration
Built on top of Windows Failover Clustering
Single set of database files
Multiple instances configured to use these database files
Only a Single instance can host the databases at once

6. Failover Cluster Instances (Single Instance)
Windows Failover Cluster
Cluster Virtual Name\InstanceName
Node A
Node B
SQL
Instance
Shared Storage (SAN or SMB 3.0 Share)

7. Multi-instance Failover Cluster
Windows Server Failover Cluster
Node A
Node B
Node C
Node D
SQL Instance 3
SQL Instance 1
SQL Instance 2
Shared Storage (SAN or SMB 3.0 File Share)

8. Instance Requirements
Each Instance is installed and managed separately
Must be installed on each instance of the cluster
Requires a separate network name and IP address
Requires at least one clustered disk

9. Instances Redefined Instances are installed on multiple machines
Multiple instances are configured
Each single clustered instance has the same name
Separate clustered instances have different names

10. Cluster Resource Dependencies
Service name is dependent on Instance Name and Disk
SQL Server
Service
Cluster Disk 1
InstanceName
Instance Name is dependent on IP Address

11. SQL 2012 Clustering Enhancements
Multi-Subnet Failover Support
Easier support for Geo-Clusters
Network Storage Support
Simplifies use of commodity storage
Windows Core Mode Installs
Limit patch footprint
TempDB on local disk
Allows for use of PCI-E cards for TempDB

12. Multi-Subnet Failover
Two different IP Addresses configured for SQL
Only one comes online at a time using OR statements within SQL Server
Uses network subnet configuration to determine IP to bring online

13. SQL 2014 Clustering Features
Windows 2012 R2
Windows 10 Server
SMB 3.0
Cluster Shared Volume Support

14. Clustering Without a SAN
Windows 2016 Storage Spaces for shared storage
Block storage replicates storage between all servers
Works with all storage
Physical Servers
Virtual Machines
Local Disks
Virtual Disks
Local SSD Drives

15. Clusters within VMs Hyper-V in Windows 2016 Introduces Shared VHD
Allows multiple VMs to share VHD files
Enables ability to cluster VMs under Hyper-V
No 3rd party software required
No iSCSI required

16. Failover Clustering in Azure
Fully supported in Azure as of April 1st, 2015
Requires third party storage replication software
Single instance per cluster
Single instance per “Cloud Service”
Requires using Internal Load Balancer

17. Always On Availability Groups

18. Concepts Hybrid Cloud Availability Group Listener Readable Secondaries
Windows Server Failover Cluster
Asynchronous Commit
Availability Group
Availability Databases
Automatic Failover
Hybrid Cloud
Virtual Computer Object
Listener
Secondary Backups
Availability Replicas
Readable Secondaries

19. New Terms to Know Availability Group Listener Availability Databases
Availability Groups
Availability Replicas
Availability Databases
Availability Group Listener

20. AlwaysOn Availability Groups
Windows Cluster
Node A
Node B
Node C
Instance 1
Instance 2
Instance 3
Availability Group
Washington
Chicago
Listener Name (AD VCO)

21. Are AG’s Just Mirroring?
Transaction Log Stream
Uses encrypted Mirroring endpoint
Secondary Replicas can be readable
Automatic Failover for Synchronous

22. Availability Group Sizing
SQL Server 2012
4 secondary replicas
2 Synchronous
4 Asynchronous
SQL Server 2014
8 Secondary Replicas
8 Asynchronous
SQL Server 2016
TBD

23. FCI + AGs Availability Groups can be built on top of FCIs
Allows for additional redundancy at each site
Limits Automatic Failover

24. Cross Support With Other Features
FILESTREAM
FileTable
ColumnStore Indexes*
Full Text Indexes
Replication
Publication
Subscription
Contained Databases
Policy Based Management
Maintenance Plans
Auditing
User Defined Server Roles
Transparent Data Encryption
SQL Service Broker

25. Hybrid Availability Group—What?
Windows Server Failover Cluster (Same AD Domain)
On-premises
SQL Instance 1
SQL Instance 2

26. Deploy one or more secondary replicas for on-premise SQL Server
TechReady 16
9/18/2018
What?
Replicas continuously synchronize
Deploy one or more secondary replicas for on-premise SQL Server
Political considerations
Latency
At best region: West US, East US, East Asia, Southeast Asia, North Europe, West Europe
VM and storage
Low TCO
© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

27. Example of Availability Group spanning On-premises and Azure
Node 1
Node 2
Node 3
AlwaysOn Availability Group
ILB Listener
VPN
Appliance
Azure Gateway

28. TechReady 16
9/18/2018
Why?
An event can cause on-premises SQL Server to become unavailable
Temporarily (e.g. gateway failure)
A disaster recovery site is expensive
Site rent + maintenance
Hardware
Ops
Permanently (e.g. flooding)
© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

29. Provide additional benefits:
TechReady 16
9/18/2018
Why?
Integrated HA/DR
Offload Read workloads to Azure
Connect reporting/BI apps
Migrate apps and run against local secondaries
Offload Backups to Azure
A solution for policy compliance
Provide additional benefits:
Same Windows Domain
Needs an Active Directory Domain Controller
Remember it requires:
© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

30. SQL Server 2016 What’s New in Availability Groups

31. SQL 2016 AG Features Database Level Failover Trigger DTC Support
Better Automatic Failover Support
Log Transport Performance
Load Balanced Readable Secondaries
gMSA Support
Distributed Availability Groups
Availability Group Seeding
Domainless AG Support

32. Database-Level Failover Trigger
Database can go corrupt and AG will not failover
AG Health (2012, 2014) monitored at instance level
Offline database will change AG health
Optional setting in 2016 to allow a database failure to trigger AG failover

33. Distributed Transaction Coordinator (DTC) Support
Currently Distributed Transactions touching an AG database are not supported
Many enterprise apps require cross database transactions
Full Support for DTC in 2016
Requires OS patch to work cleanly

34. Log Transport Performance and Automatic Failover Targets
2012, 2014 supported only one automatic failover target
2016 supports any synchronous secondary (up to three total)
Log Transport Performance
Hardware enchancements (notably SSDs) have driven throughput higher
Entire pipeline rewritten, lower CPU, better performance
Performance aim is to match that of standalone server

35. Load Balancing in Readable Secondaries
In 2014, reads went to first available secondary
Now you can configure routing to use round-robin amongst secondaries
Client1
Client 2
Client 3
Client 4
Client 5
Availability Group Listener
AG1
AG2
AG3
AG4

36. Group Managed Service Accounts
Introduced in Windows 2012
Supported in SQL 2014*
Now in 2016 for AGs

37. Group Managed Service Accounts

38. Distributed Availability Groups
Allows one AG to treat a second AG as a secondary replica
Allows AGs to cross Windows Clusters
Great for minimizing network traffic across WAN between HA and DR
Migrations between environments

39. Distributed Availability Groups

40. Replica Seeding
Restores databases to AG replica without backup and restore
Feeds database across network independent of backup and restore process
Doesn’t require full or log backup
Doesn’t break log backup chain

41. Availability Groups in Standard Edition

42. Standard Edition AGs Two Nodes Only One Database per AG
No Readable Secondaries
No Backup on Secondaries
DB Snapshots Available
Effectively Database Mirroring—with enchancements

43. When To Choose Which?

44. Failover Cluster Vendor doesn’t support AGs Shared Storage Requirement
Older version of SQL Server
No requirement for readable secondary replicas
Multi-database distributed transactions

45. Availability Groups No Shared Storage Readable secondary replicas
Easy to configure DR
No storage replication option for DR

46. Summary
Understand your business need before designing a HA and DR strategy
DR is just like buying insurance—you don’t need it until you do.
Lots of good options for HA and DR in SQL Server for many price points
Always have a plan!

47. Download SQL Server 2016 and work with some of these features
What’s Next?
Download SQL Server 2016 and work with some of these features
Deploy the SQL Server 2016 Availability Group template in Azure and explore
Come talk to the SQL Server product team and MVPs in the Data Platform Booth

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9/18/2018 9:46 PM
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50. 9/18/2018 9:46 PM
© 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.