1. European Explorers/Conquerors
Spain in America 2.2
European Explorers/Conquerors
Rulers sponsored conquistadors to search for riches; conquistadors must give rulers 1/5 of findings
Mexico/Peru:
Aztec in Mexico conquered by Hernan Cortes 1519 for Spain
Inca in South America conquered by Francisco Pizarro 1531 for Spain
Why Spain won:
Weapons (guns/cannons), animals (horses/dogs)
Spanish seemed like gods
Some natives wanted to get rid of the ruler too
Disease

2. Spain in Florida April 2, 1513 Juan Ponce de Leon discovered FL
searching for gold and the fountain of youth
King Ferdinand of Spain made de Leon the Governor of FL
Calusa (Native Americans) attacked de Leon’s settlement
Apalachee (Native Americans) attack Panfilo de Narvaez in Tampa area settlement
France in FL:
1562 Jean Ribault sailed near Jacksonville and built Fort Caroline
Purpose – to get rich and take riches from Spain
Spain Defeats its Claim
Pedro Menendez de Aviles becomes FL governor to drive out French
Sept Saint Augustine was founded **1st permanent European settlement for US
Spain won with help from a hurricane that wiped out the French
Florida continues to grow under Spain’s rule

3. Exploring the SW
Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca fled from Apalachee attack and fled across Gulf of Mexico
Lived amongst Natives near Texas and wrote of “Seven Cities of Cibola” (gold)
Search for the Seven Cities:
Hernando de Soto was inspired by Cabeza de Vaca
1541 de Soto crossed the Mississippi River
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
Found Zuni settlement in 1540 near Arizona/New Mexico area but no gold 

4. Spanish Settlements Pueblos - Towns with centers for trades
Missions - Religious communities with small town/farmland/church
Presidios – Fort/Mission
Class System (top to bottom)
Peninsulares – people born in Spain who owned land, served in Catholic Church, and ran local gov’t
Creoles – people born to Spanish and Native American parents
Native Americans
Enslaved Africans

5. 1500s Conquistadors tax/demand labor Native Americans
Labor caused many to die
Priest Las Casas got mad about cruel treatment & demanded laws to protect Natives
New Laws in 1542 – illegal to enslave Native Americas & brought much abuse to the end
Spanish used plantations (large farms w/many workers) to export crops/raw materials to Spain $$$$$$
Settling the SW
Early 1600s – England/France/Netherlands send colonists to North America
Spain Responded: “WE HAVE NEW MEXICO!” (Santa Fe and later grabbed some of Arizona)
France settled around mouth of Mississippi (Louisiana) so Spain went to Texas to build San Antonio

6. Spain in America 2.2 Complete page 54 #1-6 Complete page 50 #1-2
Why do you think the Spanish first landed in Florida?
Compare the expeditions in this map to those of Cortes and Pizarro.