1. The Age of Exploration

2. What was the Age of Exploration?
Period when Europeans began to explore the rest of the world.
Improvements in mapmaking, shipbuilding, rigging, and navigation made this possible.
Blue water sailing, not just coastal sailing.
Policy of mercantilism drives exploration.

3. What was mercantilism?
Policy that said there was a limited amount of money in the world.
Each country needs to grab what they can before it is gone.
Export more than you import…more money in your pocket.
Colonies and markets were needed to keep everything in the system.

4. God Gold Glory Why would they risk so much to explore?  The 3 G’s:
Motives and Means
Dynamic Energy in Europe leads to European Expansion 
Why would they risk so much to explore? 
The 3 G’s:
God
Gold
Glory

5. Europeans risked dangerous ocean voyages to discover new sea routes. 
Spain and Portugal control the “New World”
Early European explorers sought gold in Africa, then began to trade slaves.

6. The Explorers: Portugal

7. Bartolomeu Dias
Sailed around Cape of Good Hope at southern tip of Africa.
Found route to Indian Ocean
Trade can go from Europe to Asia by sea.

9. Vasco da Gama Landed in India in 1498.
Important trade route from Europe to India and East Indies.

11. Ferdinand Magellan
His crew made first round-the-world voyage. (circumnavigate)
Magellan was killed in the Philippines, did not make it home.

13. Southern coast of Africa along the Atlantic = “The Gold Coast”
The Portuguese explored the Gold Coast
Southern coast of Africa along the Atlantic = “The Gold Coast”

14. The Explorers: Spain

15. Christopher Columbus

16. Christopher Columbus
Believed a shorter route to Asia could be found by sailing westward instead of around Africa.
Found the Caribbean Island.

18. Voyages to the Americas
Both Spain and Portugal feared the other would claim some of its newly “discovered” territories. 
In the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas, they decided on a north-to-south line through the Atlantic Ocean and the easternmost part of South America. 
Portugal claimed the unexplored territories east of the line, Spain to the west.

19. Spanish Win the Treaty:
They get the best
Of the deal

20. Wrote letters of the New World. 
Voyages to the Americas (cont.)
Amerigo Vespucci - Florence 
Wrote letters of the New World. 
Led to the use of his first name Amerigo for “Americas”

21. Disease Ravages Americans
Voyages to the Americas (cont.)
Disease Ravages Americans
Smallpox, measles, typhus 
Hispaniola – pop. 250,000 in 1492
pop. 500 in 1538
Mexico – pop. 25 Million in 1519
pop. 1 Million in 1630

22. What was the Colombian Exchange?
Massive exchange of plants, animals and diseases.
These things moved between the New and Old Worlds.
Started with Columbus.
To the Americas: cows, horses, wheat, smallpox, plus much more.
To Europe: potatoes, tomatoes, tobacco, corn, plus much more.