1. Oceanic and International Operations
Equal Time Points (ETP)

2. Objectives At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify applicable FAA and ICAO guidance
Describe how ETP applies to 3 or 4-engine aircraft
Describe how ETP applies to 2-engine aircraft
Identify the ETP procedure for each part
Identify how ETP affects the course of action in the event of a medical emergency, engine loss, or depressurization

3. Objectives (cont.) At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify factors that require ETP recomputation
Identify the ETP components on a Flight Plan
Perform a manual ETP computation

4. Overview In this lesson we will discuss the following topics:
Equal Time Point (ETP)
FAA guidance for ETP
ICAO guidance for ETP
How ETP is applied
ETP procedures
Factors that require ETP recomputation
ETP components on a Flight Plan
Computing ETP

5. Equal Time Point (ETP)
The FAA defines ETP as a point on the route of flight where the flight time, considering wind, to each of the selected airports is equal.

6. FAA Guidance For ETP
14 CFR Part Airplane Limitations Type of Route
14 CFR Part Airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: One engine inoperative
14 CFR Part Airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: Two engines inoperative
AC B Extended Operations (ETOPS and Polar Operations) (as amended) 6

7. ICAO Guidance for ETP There is no ICAO reference to the term ETP.
Annex 6 Part I, Chapter and
Chap 5.2.9: En route one engine inoperative
Chap : En route two engines inoperative
Annex 6, Part I, Chapter 6.2.1
Engines assumed to fail at the most critical point in that portion of the route

8. How ETP is Applied Part 121 Part 135 2-engine aircraft
Part Airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: One engine inoperative
3- or 4-engine aircraft
Part Airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: Two engines inoperative
Part 135
No wet footprint
Part Performance requirements: Land aircraft operated over water
Part Large transport category airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: One engine inoperative
Part Large transport category airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: Two engines inoperative

9. Pan Am FL 943 - Successful Ditching
ETP Procedures
Pan Am FL Successful Ditching

10. Factors that Require ETP Recomputation
ETP recomputation may be required if any of the factors below have occurred:
The operator has been rerouted
The aircraft experiences a system or component failure inflight which may affect the route flown
ETP alternate airport is no longer available
Actual time en route to destination exceeds estimated time by more than 15 minutes

11. ETP Components on a Flight Plan
Appropriate ETP airports for the city pair
Adequate time en route for those ETP airports
Correct winds were used to compute the times en route
Enough fuel to return to or continue ahead to the ETP airport
Correct altitudes or flight levels were used to compute the ETPs

12. Sample 121 Flight Plan with multiple ETPs – Delhi, India (DEL) to Chicago, IL (ORD)
ETP/SUITABLE ENROUTE ALTERNATE DATA
MEETS 180 MINUTE AREA OF OPERATIONS RULE
*** FULL ICE 180 MIN/320 KIAS *** - ETOPS diversion time
ETP INFORMATION
DESCRIPTION
ETP FOR ENNA/ENSB 3945 NM TIME 0618
Planned ETP Alternate airports, ETP point on the flight plan in distance and time
ETP/FOB CRITICAL FUBO
Planned fuel on board and required fuel, based upon requirements and icing exemption
ENG OUT TIME FRM ETP DESC M084/320K CRUZ 320K FLVL 196
Single engine time from the ETP to either alternate airport, descent and cruise speed, new cruise flight level
TO LKL N70040 E NM TH 282 MH 262 TD M15 WCP M005
Nearest airport before the ETP, Lat/Long, distance, heading, temp dev., wind component
TO LYR N78147 E NM TH 319 MH 299 TD M15 WCP P009
Nearest airport past the ETP, Lat/Long, distance, heading, temp dev., wind component

13. ETP Components on a Flight Plan
Sample 135 Flight Plan 13

14. Computing ETP LEGEND Total Distance
Total distance from the coast out/last suitable to the coast in airport/first suitable
GSr
Ground Speed Returning to the coast out/last suitable airport
GSc
Ground Speed Continuing to the coast in/first suitable airport
ETP
The answer (ETP) is the nautical mile distance applied from the coast out airport toward the coast in airport 14

15. Practical Exercise 1

16. Review In this lesson we discussed the following topics:
Equal Time Point (ETP)
FAA guidance for ETP
ICAO guidance for ETP
How ETP is applied
ETP procedures
Factors that require ETP recomputation
ETP components on a Flight Plan
Computing ETP

17. Objectives You should now be able to:
Identify applicable FAA and ICAO guidance
Describe how ETP applies to 3 or 4-engine aircraft
Describe how ETP applies to 2-engine aircraft
Identify the ETP procedure for each part
Identify how ETP affects the course of action in the event of a medical emergency, engine loss, or depressurization

18. Objectives (cont.) You should now be able to:
Identify factors that require ETP recomputation
Identify the ETP components on a Flight Plan
Perform a manual ETP computation