1. Literary Terms
Take Notes!

2. Literary Terms /15/15
1.)

3. GENRE:  category of literature
Major Genre: prose (novel, short story, essay), verse (poetry,) drama
Minor Genre:  specific subdivisions of major genre (fantasy, science fiction, young adult, mystery, western, humor, adventure, romance, etc.)

4. Series of events that tell a story
Plot
Series of events that tell a story

5. Plot Pyramid
Exposition:  backstory that introduces characters and setting
Central Conflict:  basic problem of story
Rising Action:  attempts to solve problem
Climax:  the point when the problem is solved or unsolvable (turning point)
Falling Action:  events immediately after the climax
Resolution:  reactions to climax

7. Protagonist
The central or main character in a literary work

8. Antagonist
the person or force who is opposite to, or challenges, the protagonist.

9. Characterization
the way an author presents and defines characters.

10. Flat Character: a character who is stereotypical and lacks interest
Round Character: a character who is presented in greater depth, interest and detail. 
Static Character: a character who does not undergo any change (e.g., Tiny Tim in Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carol")
Dynamic Character: a character who undergoes some sort of transformation (e.g., Scrooge in the same work).

11. Conflict
The struggle between opposing forces that provides the central action and interest in any literary plot.

12. Internal Conflict a conflict taking place inside a character
Person vs. Self

13. External Conflict a conflict taking place outside a character
Person vs. Person
Person vs. Society
Person vs. Nature
Person vs. Supernatural

14. Irony
When what "is" goes against expectations; three forms exist, used for plot development and meaning

15. Verbal Irony
When what is said is either the opposite of what is or its meaning (Sarcasm)

16. Situational Irony
When an event occurs contrary to expectations

17. Dramatic Irony
When an audience knows important information beyond what the character knows

18. Quarter 1B

19. Point of View
The type of narrator the writer uses to tell a story.

20. First Person Point of View
The narrator is participates in the action of the story

21. Third Person Point of View
The narrator does not participate in the action of the story as one of the characters, but lets us know exactly how the character(s) feel. We learn about the characters through this outside voice.

22. Objective Point of View
The narrator tells what happens without saying anything about what the characters think or feel, remaining a detached observer.

23. Omniscient POV
The narrator knows how all characters think and feel.

24. Limited Omniscient POV
A narrator who knows how one or some characters think and feel. Many modern books use this POV, but change POV characters throughout (Percy Jackson).

25. Quarter 2

26. Characterization
the way an author presents and defines characters.

27. Direct Characterization
author states what type of person the character is

28. Indirect Characterization
author gives clues about the character through actions, thoughts, and speech of a character.

29. Theme
a message about life taken from a story

30. Symbol
an object that represents or stands for something else.

31. Verbal Irony
When what is said is either the opposite of what is or its meaning (Sarcasm)

32. Situational Irony
When an event occurs contrary to expectations

33. Dramatic Irony
When an audience knows important information beyond what the character knows

34. Allusion
a reference to something outside the text that the reader is expected to know; provides additional information; may become a symbol. (i.e., Gettysburg Address, Constitution)

35. Suspense
Creating tension within the reader by creating a desire to know what will happen next.

36. Foreshadowing
The use of clues that suggest the future outcome of situations in a story.

37. Complication
Difficult circumstances caused by character’s attempts to find solutions to his/her problem.

39. Simile
indirect comparison that uses connective words (like, as, seems) to link the differing items

40. Mood
feeling created by the text

41. Setting
the time, place, and context of a story

42. Dialogue
lines spoken by characters

43. Narrator
the teller of the story

44. Poetry
Literary work in which feelings and ideas are expressed through rhythm and style.

45. arrangement of lines in poetry, separated by rhyme scheme or spacing
Stanza
arrangement of lines in poetry, separated by rhyme scheme or spacing

46. Rhyme
Correspondence of sounds between words or the endings of words.

47. Rhyme Scheme
The pattern of rhyming words

48. contradictory ideas meant to fit together
Paradox
contradictory ideas meant to fit together

49. Imagery
language used by an author to show details

50. Alliteration
repetition of sounds in the first syllables in a phrase or words. (ie: from stem to stern).

51. Personification
assigning human qualities to non-human objects or concepts

52. Metaphor Comparing two different things
Formula: One thing is another thing.

53. Simile
Comparing two things using like, as, or seems

54. Assonance
Repetition of vowel sounds

55. Repetition of consonant sounds
Consonance
Repetition of consonant sounds

56. Hyperbole
An exaggeration or claim not meant to be taken literally.

57. Making something seem less important than it is
Understatement
Making something seem less important than it is