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Materials selection - properties
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Materials selection - properties
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Materials selection - properties
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Materials selection - environment
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Bicycle frames
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Bicycle frames
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Bicycle frames – hot piercing for seamless tubing
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Bicycle frames – cold drawing of seamless tubing
Cold drawing – need high formability ––> extensive work-hardening
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Bicycle frames
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Bicycle frames
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Bicycle frames – common materials used
density modulus Plain carbon steel 7.8 gm/cc 200GPa Cr-Mo steel 6061–T Ti-3Al-2.5V Polymer composite yield yield/density Plain carbon steel 240 MPa 30 Cr-Mo steel 6061–T Ti-3Al-2.5V
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A little bit more on Ti and its alloys
Ti is polymorphic: -Ti (hcp) ––> -Ti(A2) at 882°C Ti mostly alloyed with Al, V Remember - & -Fe w/ chromium, & nickel Various elements have different solubilities in - & -Ti
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A little bit more on Ti and its alloys
Ti-3Al-2.5V is an "- alloy" Enuf -stabilizer (V) added so that a little phase can exist at room temp & phase solution strengthened by Al & V alloys are stronger than those containing only or phase
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Joining techniques Conventional arc welding Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding Brazing Adhesive bonding
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Joining techniques Plain carbon steel frame – TIG welded Tubing is strengthened by drawing operation – but softened near weld Use butted tubing for strengthening HAZ region
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Cr-Mo steel frame – TIG welded
Joining techniques Cr-Mo steel frame – TIG welded But weld and HAZ harder than tubing – more rapid cooling than that experienced by tubing – get Bainite original tube
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