1. Ancient Egypt

2. Egyptian Geography Nile: Egypt as the “gift of the Nile.”
Flows northward.
Floods on July.
Recedes in October.
Egypt as the “gift of the Nile.”

3. Political Development
5000 BCE: Early Egyptians live in farming villages in Lower Egypt.
3100 BCE: Menes unites all of Egypt.
Establishes the capital of Memphis.
2660 BCE BCE: Old Kingdom begins.

4. Political Development
2180 BCE: End of Old Kingdom
BCE: Middle Kingdom:
Pharaohs restore order.
BCE: Egypt falls to the Hyksos.

5. Political Development
BCE: New Kingdom.
Hatshepsut
Amenhotep
Tutankhamen
Unprecedented wealth and power.

6. Economic Development Old Kingdom: Middle Kingdom: New Kingdom:
Slavery and Plantations.
Agriculture.
Middle Kingdom:
Trade with other nations.
Canal from the Nile to the Red Sea.
New Kingdom:
Expanded traded.
Wealth

7. Technology Writing: Numbers. Math. Columns. Calendar Medicine
Hieroglyphics:
Picture stands for an idea.
Papyrus:
Reeds from the Nile.
Numbers.
Math.
Columns.
Calendar
Medicine

8. Cultural Development Egypt
Religion:
Polytheistic.
Pharaohs as gods.
Pyramids.
Social Pyramid:
Royal family -> wealthy landowners, government officials, priests, and army commanders -> merchants and artisans -> laborers and farmers -> slaves.
Hieroglyphics
Papyrus
Numbers.
Math.
Columns.
Calendar
Medicine
Pyramids