2. Heart of Atlanta Motel- 1964
Can the federal government order private businesses to desegregate?

3. Heart of Atlanta Motel- 1964 (9-0)
1964 Civil Rights Act IS constitutional
Congress can legislate INTERSTATE COMMERCE
(People from out of state could stay at the hotel)

4. Roe v. Wade- 1973
Do states have the right to make laws regulating abortion?

5. Roe v. Wade (7-2)
States may not ban abortions in first trimester
14th Amendment-
nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law
“right to privacy” implied in 14th Amdmt

6. Affirmative Action- programs aimed at hiring or enrolling in schools groups that have suffered discrimination
Is this a legitimate effort to equalize economic and educational opportunities for a disadvantaged minority OR
Racist “Reverse discrimination”?

7. Should colleges use a quota system in accepting males?

8. UCal v. Bakke (1978)
Is affirmative action constitutional?

9. Ucal v. Bakke 1978 (no majority)
Universities may take race into account when making admissions, but….
No “quotas”

10. Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
Can STATES use evidence obtained without a warrant in court?
4th Amendment applies to federal gov’t:
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated….

11. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) (6-3)
 "all evidence obtained by searches and seizures in violation of the Constitution is, by [the Fourth Amendment], inadmissible in a state court." 

12. Miranda v Arizona
Do authorities have to inform suspects of their constitutional rights before questioning them?
No person shall be …compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself

13. Agenda…./ ANNOUNCEMENTS
Pink sheets (Regents review #2) due tomorrow
Continue with wrapping up year
Warren Court/ school cases/ LBJ-Great Society/ Vietnam/ Nixon-accomplishments; Watergate

15. Chief Justice Earl Warren 1953- 1969
“Warren Court” known for
siding in favor of civil rights
RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED!!!

16. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Do all defendants in all cases have a right to a defense attorney as required by the 6th amendment?
Amendment 6:
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall ….have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence

17. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) (9-0)
All citizens have a right to free counsel if they cannot afford it

18. Miranda v Arizona (5-4) (1966)
Police must inform suspects of their rights at time of arrest
May not interrogate suspects who invoke their rights

19. Miranda was retried after the original case against him was thrown out, and this time the prosecution, instead of using the confession, called witnesses
Miranda was convicted in 1967 and sentenced to serve 20 to 30 years.
He was paroled in After his release, he returned to his old neighborhood and made a modest living autographing police officers' "Miranda cards" which contained the text of the warning, for reading to arrestees.
He was stabbed to death during an argument in a bar on January 31, 1976.[5]

20. The Warren Court and rights of the accused…
DO YOU AGREE WITH BEN?

21. The Constitution in schools…
Do your constitutional rights follow you when you enter the school door?
1st amendment: Freedom of speech? Freedom of religion?
4th amendment: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures…but upon probable cause

22. Engel v Vitale (1962)
Is it unconstitutional for public schools to have prayer in class, even if it is not mandatory to participate?
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances

23. Engel v Vitale (1962) (6-1)
School was violating 1st Amendment provision of separation of church and state (NO SCHOOL PRAYER)
(even though not mandatory, it would put unwanted pressure on students)

24. Tinker v Des Moines School District 1969
Was the school suspending kids for wearing black armbands a violation of the first amendment or should the authorities of the school have this power?
Congress shall make no law …abridging the freedom of speech

25. May 31st (wow!) Texts? Wrap up Supreme Court
LBJ’s Great Society- modern political landscape is formed….which side are you on?
Regents Review activity- please do by Monday
Act III quiz-
Group work for Act III

26. Tinker v Des Moines School District (1969) (7-2)
Wearing armbands was an exercise of freedom of speech
(“Students do not shed their constitutional rights at the schoolhouse gate, and therefore are entitled to the free expression of their views as long as there is no substantial or material interference of the educational process.”)

27. New Jersey v T.L.O. 1985 Should the drugs found by the principal
be admissable as
evidence?
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures…but upon probable cause

28. New Jersey v T.L.O. 1985 (6-3) School wins Police need
“probable cause” to
search
Schools need only
“reasonable suspicion”

29. Veronia School District v Acton 1995 (6-3)
Is random drug testing of student athletes a violation of the 4th Amendment?

30. Veronia School District v Acton 1995 (6-3)
Drug testing of student athletes is constitutional

31. The decisions of the United States Supreme Court in Miranda v
The decisions of the United States Supreme Court in Miranda v. Arizona, Gideon v. Wainwright, and Escobedo v. Illinois all advanced the
voting rights of minorities
guarantees of free speech and press
principle of separation of church and state
rights of accused persons

32. Under Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Supreme Court was considered "activist" because of its
reluctance to overturn state laws
insistence on restricting freedom of speech to spoken words
expansion of individual rights in criminal cases
refusal to reconsider the issues of the Plessy v. Ferguson case

33. The Supreme Court cases of Tinker v. Des Moines and New Jersey v
The Supreme Court cases of Tinker v. Des Moines and New Jersey v. TLO involved the issue of
freedom of the press
the rights of students in school
freedom of religion
the rights of prison inmates

34. Which constitutional idea was the basis
“We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.”
—Brown v. Board of Education(1954)
Which constitutional idea was the basis
for this Supreme Court decision?
protection against double jeopardy
equal protection of the law
freedom of speech
right of assembly

35. memorial day-http://www. history
Jfk- (6:00)
Conspiracy-

36. Impact of the Supreme Court
Which case do you think had the largest impact in society? In your view, was it positive or negative?
Do you disagree with any of the decisions? Why?

38. LBJ’s “Great Society LBJ- JFK’s Vice President
Wins 1964 election v. Barry Goldwater

39. Great Society LBJ- declares “War on POVERTY”
Laws to help disadvantaged and poor
Most active since FDR’ New Deal