1. Ecology Test Study Guide

2. The study of interactions among organisms and their environment.
1. What is Ecology?
The study of interactions among organisms and their environment.

3. 2. The place a plant or animal lives in
Habitat

4. 3. The adaptations and strategies a species uses in its environment is called_________.
Niche

5. the living or have lived organisms in a environment.
4. Biotic is
the living or have lived organisms in a environment.

6. the nonliving parts of an organisms environment.
5. Abiotic is
the nonliving parts of an organisms environment.

7. 6. The five level of organizations are
Species/Organism, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere/biome

8. 7. A ____________________________
is a simple way of showing how energy, in the form of food, passes from one organism to another. food chain

9. 8. A series of overlapping food chains is called a
________________________.
food web

10. 9. In a symbiotic relationship, the __________________is usually the larger of the two organisms while the ____________________is the smaller of the two organisms.
host
symbiont

11. 10. _______________ are organisms that eat only plants
10. _______________ are organisms that eat only plants. Organisms that eat only meat are called____________________. __________________ are organisms that eat both plant and animals.
Herbivores
carnivores
Omnivores

12. Parasitism 11._________________________
is a relationship where the symbiont lives in/on the host
The symbiont benefits and the host is harmed.
Parasitism

13. 12. _________________________ is a relationship between the host and a symbiont, where both organisms benefit and neither is harmed. The relationship can be long or short term.
Mutualism

14. 13. __________________________is a relationship between the host and symbiont, where the symbiont benefits and the host is neither helped nor harmed. The symbiont benefits by receiving transportation, housing, and/or nutrition.
Commensalism

15. 14. Any factors (things) that affect an organisms ability to survive in its environment is called
LIMITING FACTORS

16. 15. Use complete sentences to describe competition
15. Use complete sentences to describe competition. Include examples in your description.
Competition is member of species competing for resources especially for limited resources.
EX: Lions and tigers have the same prey. Trees that grow very close together vie for sunlight and soil.

17. 16. Symbiosis mean? Give the examples of the types of symbiosis.
Living together and the interaction between 2 different organisms living together.
1.Mutualism
2.Commensalism
3. Parasitism

18. Predator hunts and kills. Prey is hunted and killed.
17. What is predation?
Predator hunts and kills. Prey is hunted and killed.

19. 18. What is the second level or organization? Give the definition.
Population- a group of organisms all of the same species, that live in the same place at the same time.

20. 19. The picture below is an example of a _____________________.
food chain

21. 20. The picture below is an example of a_____________________.
food web

22. 21. What is a community? Give an example.
All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time.
Ex.- zebras, giraffes, lions, etc.

23. What is a ecosystem?
Give an example.
Populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area with the abiotic components of that area.
Ex. Aquatic and terrestrial.

24. 23. PLACE THE FOLLOWING TERMS IN ORDER FROM THE SIMPLEST TO THE MOST COMPLEX.
POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOME, ECOSYSTEM, BIOSPHERE, AND COMMUNITY
SPECIES
POPULATION
COMMUNITY
ECOSYSTEM
BIOME
BIOSPHERE

25. What does biosphere mean?
The portion of Earth that supports life.

26. List three types of biomes. What is a biome?
*Write down three types.
*Biome is ecosystems with similar rainfall, temperature, and water depth.

27. PLEASE ADD TO YOUR STUDY GUIDE!
BE SURE YOU ARE ABLE TO LABEL THE FOOD ENERGY PYRAMID.

28. Also, add this to your notes.
Primary producers are “organisms capable of producing their own food” through photosynthesis (light energy).
Herbivores: animals that eat only plants
Carnivores: animals that eat only other animals
Omnivores: animals that eat animals and plants
Detritivores: animals that eat dead materials and organic wastes

29. Other Ways to Classify Consumers
Primary Consumers: Herbivores
Secondary Consumers: Carnivores that eat herbivores
Tertiary Consumers: Carnivores that eat other carnivores