1. Metals and Acids
Lesson 2

2. Observe and Explain reactions of metals with acid
Learning Objectives:
In order to be successful in this lesson you must be able to:
Observe and Explain reactions of metals with acid
Success…

3. Reaction of metals with acids
Many metals react with acids. When this happens the metal fizzes as bubbles are produced.
hydrogen
burning splint
What do the bubbles mean?
magnesium + acid
A gas is produced.
How can you test to find out if the gas produced is hydrogen?
Place a burning splint next to the mouth of test tube.
A ‘squeaky pop’ as the gas ignites shows that hydrogen is the gas produced in this reaction.

4. You will collect 3 test tubes of gas and test them for hydrogen gas
Making Hydrogen
You are going to be making hydrogen from granulated zinc, hydrochloric acid and copper sulphate solution
You will need to label the diagram on the sheet before doing the practical
You will collect 3 test tubes of gas and test them for hydrogen gas
Once you have finished the practical, answer the questions in your book in full sentences

5. Diagram Delivery Tube Test - Tube Thistle Funnel Gas (hydrogen)
Bubbles of gas
Conical Flask
Water
Tub / Trough
Granulated Zinc
Hydrochloric acid
& Copper sulphate solution

6. Reaction of metals with acids
When a metal reacts with an acid, the products are a salt and hydrogen gas.
metal
acid
sulfuric
acid
hydrochloric acid
nitric acid
metal
chloride
metal sulfate
metal
nitrate
salt
hydrogen
The salt produced depends on the metal and type of acid involved in the reaction:
When a metal reacts with hydrochloric acid, the salt produced is a metal chloride.
When a metal reacts with sulfuric acid, the salt produced is a metal sulfate.
When a metal reacts with nitric acid, the salt produced is a metal nitrate.

7. Complete the word equations
Complete the word equations for metals reacting with acid:
magnesium
nitric acid ?
magnesium nitrate
hydrogen
iron
sulfuric acid ?
iron sulfate
hydrogen
zinc
hydrochloric acid
zinc chloride ?
hydrogen ?
lead
sulfuric acid ?
lead sulfate
hydrogen

8. increasing reactivity
Reactivity of metals
Some metals react more vigorously with acids than others.
Metals can be listed in order of how reactive they are.
This list is called the reactivity series.
potassium
sodium
calcium
magnesium
aluminium
zinc
iron
lead
(hydrogen)
copper
silver
gold
The more reactive the metal, the more vigorous the reaction.
increasing reactivity
A metal that is below hydrogen will not react with dilute acids.