2. Pre Urban Neolithic Towns
Scale of Works at Khirokitia , (8,000 BC), indicate
early examples of collaboration
in the construction of villages
First known examples of paved streets show up at Khirokitia
Shared walls require agreement on
maintenance and ownership

3. Additional Plan and perspective
views of Catal Hayak
Note shared walls.

4. Principles in Planning in Mesopotamia
Build near water
Find a knoll or high place that is defensible and doesn’t use arable lland
Build temples, (and later castles), at highest promontory
Build walls, lots of walls
Irrigation and how was water supplied to cities’ housing?
Sewage and garbage?
Planning existed for the Public and governmental spaces
Specific criteria applied to temple layouts and orientation

6. Egypt Religion a main driver of city development
Death – Tombs were an integral
and major aspect of Egyptian life
No Walls – cities were protected by
The topography – deserts
surrounded Egypt.
River Oriented – The Nile was the
main source of transport
and agriculture –
the heart and soul of the empire

8. Greece
Miletus – 600 BC
Planned by Hippodamus
3 parts by 3 parts
Grid Pattern
flexibility and ease of grid plan
Plan adapted and used extensively by
Alexander 325 BC to develop new cities
Organized around the agora, the theater, temples
Plan of Miletus by Hippodamus

9. The city of Hippodamus was composed of 10,000 citizens divided into three parts—one of artisans, one of husbandmen, and a third of armed defenders of the state. He also divided the land into three parts, one sacred, one public, the third private: the first was set apart to maintain the customary worship of the Gods, the second was to support the warriors, the third was the property of the husbandmen. He also divided laws into three classes, and no more, for he maintained that there are three subjects of lawsuits—insult, injury, and homicide

17. Broadacre City low-density car-oriented freeways +feeder roads
multinucleated

18. Planning Today main tool: zoning 19,000 different systems
tends to actually do little in the way of planning
imposes a rigidity to existing land uses
encourages separation by class
encourages retail strip development
discourages mixed use, pedestrian areas
in practice, it promotes satellite bedroom communities and suburbs superficially like Garden cities or Broadacre City

21. Current Planning and Influences
Internet Revolution
Home Office, digital work
Smart Growth
Transit Oriented growth
Pedestrian Pockets
Community Involvement
Globalization
McDonalds, WalMart,

22. New Directions Precedents:
Cluster zoning & PUDs (dates back to Radburn, NJ, designed by Regional Planning Association of America in 1923)
New Urbanism & Neo-Traditional Planning
Peter Calthorpe
Leon Krier
Congress for the New Urbanism
Participatory Planning

23. What makes a city? Density Trade Culture Religion Circulation
Critical mass to support businesses and commerce
Trade
Near to trade routes
Culture
Traditions, festivals, history. Arts, crafts
Religion
Usually a shared religion andlor tolerance for multiple religions
Circulation
Adequate transportation routes to and thru the city
Government
To administer rule of law, keep the peace
police, fire, public health, courts
Shared Values
A shared culture, religion or trade interest
Recreation Facilities or Opportunities
Adequate areas for people to recreate and relax
Services
Sewers, water supply, roads, power, internet/data

24. What factors act on the city?
Climate
Must be favorable for human habitation given the technology of the time
Geography
Must provide adequate protection form overriding defense or climate concerns
Location
Near water, near trade routes
Agriculture
Near enough good farm land to support the city or near trade routes to obtain food
Trade
Near trade routes to support merchant classes and drive economy
Warfare
Warfare influences the shape and the preoccupation of the residents
Health
City must rid itself of pollutants and garbage to keep good health
Bubonic Plague, Black Death, other epidemics, malaria
Industry

25. Muscat and Dubai Compare and contrast Climate Geography Location
Agriculture
Trade
Warfare
Health
Industry

26. Compare and Contrast Muscat and Dubai
Density
Trade
Culture
Religion
Circulation
Government
Shared Values
Recreation Facilities or Opportunities
Services

27. Muscat and Dubai
What elements of Ville Radieuse and Broad Acre City show up in the 2 cities?
Elements of New Urbanism?
What do you think the cities will each look like in 20 years?

28. Project format Do the project as a report
It will be done as a team project
Team One: Hanan, Ali, Al Mukhtar
Team Two: Najaya, Khalid, Fahad, Ashraf

29. Planning Principles Final Project Format Cover Sheet Table of Contents

30. Team 2
Team 1
Part 1; Factors that act on the Cities. Description of each city with brief history
Ashraf
Al Mukhtar
Introduction
Khalid
Hanan
Climate
Ali
Geography
Fahad
Location
Najaya
Agriculture
Trade
Warfare
Health
Industry
This section is 3-4 pages plus pictures
Part 2: Elements of the Cities
Al Muktar
Density
Culture
Religion
Circulation
Government
Shared Values
Recreation Facilities or Opportunities
Services
This section is 3-4 pagesplus pictures

31. Include relevant pictures. I like pictures.
Part 3; Analysis
Ashraf
Khalid
Najaya
Fahad
Ahraf
Al Muktar
Ali
Hanan
Al Mukhtar
Analyze the 2 cities in terms of the 5 principles:
Build community in a diverse society
Advance sustainability at each level
Expand Individual choices
Enhance personal health
Make places for people
How do the 2 cities succeed or fail in these respoects?
What elements of Ville Radieuse and Broad Acre City show up in the 2 cities?
Elements of New Urbanism?
What do you think the cities will each look like in 20 years?
This part is 8 to 12 pages plus pictures
Keep each of your parts in the same format so it looks like a single report not a collection of different works.
Each topic above should be covered briefly – about 1/2 page single space type written for each is a minimum.
Include relevant pictures. I like pictures.
Each report should include drawings of Land Use patterns, Circulation,
Open Space, Hydrology.