1. Warm Up
Pretend you are a Native American in the early 1500’s. How would you react to the “newcomers” that arrived to your village? Why would you react in this way(s)? Explain.

2. Spain Builds an American Empire
Chapter 20 Section 1

3. Today’s Goal  You will be able to…
Explain the reasons for, and effects of, Spanish and Portuguese exploration in the New World

4. Voyages of Columbus
Goal = sea route to India, instead he reached the Bahamas
los indios (Indians)
Called the island (Bahamas)“San Salvador”
Convinced Spain to finance 3 more voyages to set up Colonies

7. Discoveries of Other Explorers
Amerigo Vespucci
- Declared S. America was Mundus Novus or “New World”
- Americas named after him
Waldseemuller’s Map – labeled S. America after Amerigo

8. 1518 – Vasco Núñez Balboa  went through Panama & became first to see the Pacific Ocean
1519 – Ferdinand Magellan  his crew was first to sail around the world

9. Spanish Conquistadors
Francisco Pizarro  Inca (Atahualpa)
Hernando Cortes  Aztecs (Montezuma)
Why was Cortes able to conquer the Aztecs?
Misconceptions
Superior weapons (gun)
Support from rival tribes (who despised Aztecs)
Disease!!!

11. Spanish Conquistadors
By 1533, Francisco Pizzaro was able to conquer the Incan Empire
Pizzaro staged an ambush, where he captured Atahualpa (the Incan ruler)
He held Atahualpa for ransom and when he received the gold and silver he strangled Atahualpa.

12. Spain’s Pattern of Conquest
Similar to Reconquista
Lived amongst the natives and imposed their culture upon them.
Encomienda system
Natives farmed,
ranched or mined land
For Spanish landlords

13. Spain’s Influence Expands
Spain’s new found wealth helped bring in a golden age of art and culture in Spain.
To protect ships full of treasure Spain built up its navy

14. Conquistadors Push North
Do to the lack of gold found in the north, the monarchy assigned mostly priests to explore and colonize the future U.S.
The priests were there to convert the natives.
The lands of New Mexico became the Headquarters for advancing the Catholic religion. Santa Fe (“Holy Faith”), New Mexico  Catholicism!

15. Opposition to Spanish Rule
Spanish priest spoke out about the treatment of natives. (abolished the encomienda system in 1542).
Columbus met resistance from natives when he tried to conquer the island of St. Croix
Natives in the New Mexico region resisted Spanish rule
Pueblo ruler Pope, led an organized rebellion against the Spanish.