1. Chapter 12 – Solutions Chapter 12-1: Types of Mixtures
St. Augustine Preparatory School
January 23, 2017

2. Necessary Terms - Matching
Definitions (match to a term)
___ Solution
A. capable of being dissolved
___ Solvent
B. homogenous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase
___ Soluble
C. The dissolving medium in a solution
___ Solute
D. The dissolved substance in a solution

3. Necessary Terms - Matching
Definitions (match to a term)
B. Solution
A. capable of being dissolved
C. Solvent
B. homogenous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase
A. Soluble
C. The dissolving medium in a solution
D Solute
D. The dissolved substance in a solution

5. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Mixtures
Homogeneous mixtures are uniform throughout the entire sample. You could not separate the components easily. Examples: salt water, orange juice (no pulp), brewed coffee
Heterogeneous mixtures do not appear uniform and could be separated relatively simply. Examples: fresh milk with cream on top, chicken noodle soup, orange juice with pulp.

6. Salt and Iron – Homogeneous or Heterogeneous?
Can a mixture of salt and iron be easily separated?
If so, how?
If not, why not?

7. Homogeneous or Heterogeneous?
Ask yourself:
Evenly distributed or not?
Easily separated or not?

8. Types of solutions
1. Gaseous solutions - Example: the air around us (78% Nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, and trace amounts of other gases) 2. Liquid solutions - Liquid in liquid (alcohol in water) - Solid in liquid (salt in water) 3. Solid solutions - Gold alloy: 14-karat gold is an alloy of gold with silver and copper. It is 14/24 = 58.3% gold.

9. Suspensions
The particles in a solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated
Particles in a suspension are on the order of 1000 nm in diameter
Particles in a suspension can be filtered out
Particles are visible to the naked eye

11. Colloids
Particles in colloids are smaller than particles in suspensions
Particles remain suspended by the movement of surrounding molecules
Particles are not easily filtered.
Particles not visible to the naked eye.

12. Tyndall Effect
Many colloids appear homogeneous because the individual particles cannot be seen.
The Tyndall Effect is noticed when a light is shone through a colloid and the light scatters.

13. Solutes
Electrolytes: A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current
Ionic solutions formed from ionic solids
Nonelectrolyte: A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current.
Neutral solute molecules, molecular compounds

14. Electrolytes
When an ionic compound dissolves, the positive and negative ions separate from each other and are surrounded by water molecules.
These solute ions are free to move, making it possible for an electric current to pass through the solution.

16. What Does Dissolving Look Like?
Dissolving is different for compounds (ionic) and molecules (molecular/covalent).

17. Question to Complete
Complete questions: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6