1. What Is Development?
The systematic changes in an individual that occur between conception and death.
Occurs in three broad domains:
Physical
Cognitive
Psychosocial

2. Historical Perspectives
Preformationism (6th – 15th Century)
Puritan Doctrine (16th Century)
John Locke’s “tabula rasa” (17th Century)
Rousseau’s ideas of Innate Goodness (18th Century)

3. Historical Perspectives
Charles Darwin (19th Century)
Forefather of scientific child study
G. Stanley Hall
Regarded as founder of child development study

4. Theoretical Perspectives of Human Development
Psychonalytic (Freud, Erickson)
Learning (Behavioral) (Watson, Pavlov, Skinner)
Cognitive (Piaget)
Social Cognitive (Bandura)

5. Theoretical Perspectives of Human Development
Evolutionary (Ethological, Sociobiological)
(Darwin, Lorenz, Gottlieb)
Systems Theories (Contextual, Bioecological) (Bronfenbrenner)
Lifespan

7. Terms Growth Maturation Learning Aging Biological aging
Life Expectancy
Average life expectancy
Useful life expectancy
Maximum life expectancy

8. Terms Age Grade Age Norms Developmental norms Social Clock Cohort
Cohort Effects

9. Terms Contextual effects:
Normative age graded influences (similar to all)
Normative history graded influences
Non-normative life events (individual)

10. Terms Multidimensional Multidirectional Plasticity Individuality
(biopsychosocial)
Multidirectional
Plasticity
Individuality

11. Themes Nature and Nurture Continuity and Discontinuity
Stability and Change
Universality and Context Specific Development
Activity and Passivity

12. Research in Developmental Psychology
Correlation Studies
Correlation Coefficient
Longitudinal Studies
Cross-sectional Studies
Sequential Studies