1. The Cold War

2. First.. what agreements were made at the end of WWII in Europe?
Yalta Conference-
Roosevelt met with Churchill and Stalin
Toasted the defeat of Germany
8 day discussion about what to do with Germany

3. Roosevelt Stalin Churchill His country is devastated after the war.
Acted as a mediator
Stalin
Churchill
His country is devastated after the war.
Feels that Germany should be harshly punished
Did not want to punish Germany in fear of repeating WWI mistake.

4. Final Agreements To please Stalin… 2. In return… 3. Also…
Germany divided into 4 zones (U.S., British, USSR, France)
2. In return…
Stalin agrees to allow Poland and other Soviet occupied countries to hold free elections
3. Also…
Stalin agrees to join U.S. against Japan and to join the U.N.

5. The Nuremberg War Trials
24 Nazi leaders put on trial for involvement in Holocaust
12 of 24 sentenced to death…
…Most others sent to Prison.
Eventually, over 200 additional leaders punished.
Although controversial, trials
set a precedent…
“…Following orders” is not an excuse for crimes against humanity.

6. What about Japan?
After Japan’s surrender, the U.S. Remained in the country under the command of Douglas Macarthur for 7 years.
Over 1000 Japanese leaders were imprisoned or sentenced to death including Hideki Tojo.

7. Occupied Japan Under Macarthur, the following occurred in Japan…
…. Introduction to free-market practices
…. Call for women's suffrage
…. New constitution
…. Guaranteed basic freedoms
To this day, the Constitution is known as the
Macarthur Constitution.
Happy Japan? 

8. Soviet Union [“Iron Curtain”]
The Cold War [ ]:
Soviet Union [“Iron Curtain”]
Democracies
GOAL  “Containment” of Communism & collapse of the Communist world.
GOAL  spread world-wide Communism
METHODOLOGIES:
Espionage [KGB vs. CIA]
Arms Race
Communism vs. Democracy
NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

9. Origins of the Cold War Soviets are Angry American’s are Angry
U.S. did not recognize their Government
Allies waited too long to Attack Germany.
We kept atomic bomb a secret
American’s are Angry
Soviets signed non-aggression pact with Germany

10. The United Nations April 25th, 1945
50 countries met in San Francisco to establish new peacekeeping body

11. Tensions Mount Stalin & Truman disagree on…
… No free election in Poland
…Soviets wanted Germany to pay reparations
…Truman wants democracy and free trade around the world
…Soviets claim eastern Europe – satellite nations

12. Satellite Nations Albania Bulgaria Czechoslovakia Hungary Romania
Poland

13. Containment & The Iron Curtain
Feb. 1946: George Kennan
U.S. diplomat in Moscow (used the word “containment”
Block the Soviet spread of communism
March 1946: Winston Churchill
Gave speech in the United States
“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent”

14. Containing the Iron Curtain

15. The Cold War Begins

16. The Cold War Begins 1945-1991 (46 years!) U.S. – Soviet Union
Neither nation directly confronted one another on the battlefield

17. The Truman Doctrine President Truman
aid to any country resisting communism
$400 million given to Turkey & Greece from

18. The Marshall Plan- 1947 Most of Europe destroyed from WWII
Secretary of State: George Marshall
Aid to all European nations that needed it
16 countries
$13 billion
4 years

19. Struggle over Germany Berlin Also divided
After WWII, Germany divided into 4 zones
Yalta Conference
G.B./France/U.S. combine zones
West German / Democracy
Soviet Union remains separate
East Germany – Communist
Berlin Also divided

20. Berlin Airlift Berlin in East Germany
Soviets impose blockade on West Berlin
Retaliation to combining of zones
stop people trying to leave East Berlin
U.S. & G.B. fly food & supplies to W. Berlin for 327 days
May 1949: Soviets lift blockade

21. NATO 1949 North Atlantic Treaty Organization military alliance
1st time for U.S. during peacetime
Nations:
- U.S. – Canada
– Belgium – Denmark
– Luxem. – Netherlands
-Norway -Portugal
– Greece –Turkey
– West Germany

22. Date
Topic
Page
11/18
Korean War Notes 64

23. Optional Oral History Interview EC Project due 12/1
Reminders
Last chance to make up Unit 6 Test (Friday 11/20 for 45 mins and Monday 11/23 for 45 mins)
Unit 7 Test is 11/30
Optional Oral History Interview EC Project due 12/1

24. 1) The world peacekeeping body formed after WWII was called
Bellringer Thursday April 30th- Practice MC Questions, just write the letter of your answer!
1) The world peacekeeping body formed after WWII was called
League of Nations
United Nations
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Warsaw Pact

25. 2. The now famous “iron curtain” speech was given by….
A) Harry Truman
B) Douglas MacArthur
C) Winston Churchill
D) George Marshall

26. 3. One of the key characteristics of communism was …
A) no opposing parties
B) a market-based economy
C) free and open elections
D) a weak central government

27. 4. All of the following were members of NATO except…
A) China
B) France
C) Great Britain
D) the United States

28. 5. America’s foreign policy post-WWII focused on…
A) Isolating themselves from foreign affairs
B) Helping rebuild the Soviet economy after the war
C) Containing the spread of Communism
D) Avoiding alliances

29. Bell ringer Friday 12/1: ***Turn in your 1950s Newspaper, then: Draw the word map below in the BR section of your notebook. In each of the four quadrants, do whatever the instructions tell you to.
Definition:
Synonyms (words that mean the same thing)
Containment
Use it in a sentence:
Draw a picture of it:

30. The Korean War
Focus Question: Why does the United States become involved in the war between North Korea & South Korea?

31. Japan controlled Korea before WWII
Why do you think Japan lost control of Korea?

32. The Cold War Heats Up WWII – Japanese occupy China
Chinese Communist & Nationalist join forces
Mao Zedong (communist) - north
Chiang Kai-shek (nationalist) - south
Japan defeated – leaves China
- Civil War breaks out in China
U.S. aids Nationalists
- Unfortunately, Chiang Kai-shek’s government is corrupt
Peasants in China supported Mao Zedong
- Communists improved food production & encouraged
peasants to learn to read.

33. China The U.S. helped Jiang (a nationalist)
He Won
The U.S. helped Jiang (a nationalist)
The Soviets helped Mao (a communist)

34. Communist China May 1949: Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan
People’s Republic of China was created as communist country
U.S. did not recognize this new republic

35. Domino Theory 1950s

36. Korean War [ ]

37. The Korean War Japanese rule Korea from 1910-1945 38th Parallel
- Japanese surrender north of line to Soviets
- Japanese surrender south of line to U.S.
By 1949, Americans & Soviets pull out of both areas
North Korea becomes industrial
South Korea is agricultural

38. North Korea
Communist
China and the Soviet Union helped them
South Korea
Democratic
US and United Nations helped them

39. The Korean War (Cont.) 1950: North Korea invades S. Korea
President Truman orders air support for S. Korea
United Nations sends 520,000 troops to help S. Korea
90 % of troops were Americans led by WWII hero, Douglas MacArthur

40. The Korean War 5 Star (D.Mac.) forces North Korea to retreat
- He invades N. Korea
China aids North Korea
- 300,000 Chinese drive UN Forces back
5 Star recommends nuking Chinese cities
President Truman says no; China is Soviets allies
MacArthur openly criticizes Truman
President Truman fires MacArthur
Americans were angered: 69% favored 5 Star

41. The Shifting Map of Korea [1950-1953]

42. Stalemate June 23, 1951- Ceasefire U.S. Results of War $67 billion
36,516 KIA
92,134 Wounded
8,176 MIA
7,245 POW
$67 billion
No declaration of war by Congress
Referred to as
“The Forgotten War”

43. Stalemate (Cont.) Rejection of Dem. Party (Truman)
Elected Dwight D. Eisenhower (Ike) as president
38th parallel still exists today (DMZ = Demilitarized Zone)

44. History Frame
As you watch the video, complete the history frame on the back of today’s notes. You can use your notes from today plus details from the video.

45. Current Event: Korea
Find and analyze a current event article pertaining to North and South Korea ***Raise your hand when you find your article, Mrs. Wilson must approve it!!
Create a google slide (shared with Mrs. Wilson) that includes a summary and an evaluation. See your assignment sheet for more specific detail.
Mrs. Wilson’s

46. Birthday Partners
Step One: ONLY read the quote you were assigned. One person reads aloud, the other person summarizes the “gist” of your quote in your own words

47. Birthday Partners
Step TWO: Take turns writing the “gist” statement you hear from the other pair groups in the space provided.

48. Birthday Partners
Step Three: Answer the questions on the back of your handout. You should alternate who writes each one.

49. So what about Korea Today?
CNN Video- Koreas on Edge

50. Use your textbook pages 811, 819 and 830 to help you complete the map.
Early Cold War Map
Use your textbook pages 811, 819 and 830 to help you complete the map.
Each person needs the following colors: Blue, Red, Yellow, Green and black. *If you can’t find these colors- you are allowed to make your own key--- just get any five colors and create key with those*

52. Cold War Map Questions
Use the Map on p. 811 in the textbook. Answer these questions on a separate sheet of notebook paper (1/2 sheet is fine):
1) Which nations belonged to NATO? (List all)
2) Which nations belonged to the Warsaw pact? (List all)
3) Which countries does the Iron Curtain run through? (List all)
4) How did these post World War II alliances divide Europe? (which side- East or West- was communist and which was democratic?)

53. Assignment Today: Your Choice
Current Event Assignment with North Korea OR
Early Cold War Worksheet Review Packets using textbook

54. Current Event Assignment
This is your TBA homework for tonight from outline.
Due Monday 11/17
Find, read and evaluate a current event article pertaining to tension between North Korea and the rest of the world.
See instruction sheet for more details.
Remember to use a reliable source!