1. ACIDS, BASES and SALTS

2. Slide numbering system
Slide title: A, B, C…
- Points on a slide: 1, 2, 3,
- How to find it on your note handout: A1, A2, B1, B2…

3. A1. What is a/an acid, base, salt? A2. How to name them
A. What you need to know?
A1. What is a/an acid, base, salt?
A2. How to name them
A3. Acid, base, salt properties
A4. Identify at least 3 products that are acids, bases, and salts used in daily life

4. Organic(= Carbon-containing) acids Inorganic (=no carbon) acids
B. Common Acids
Name
Formula
Organic(= Carbon-containing) acids
acetic acid (vinegar)
HC2H3O2
citric acid
HC6H7O2
ascorbic acid
HC6H7O6
lactic acid
HC3H5O3
acetylsalicylic acid
HC9H7O4
Inorganic (=no carbon) acids
sulfuric acid
H2SO4
carbonic acid
H2CO3
phosphoric acid
H3PO4
nitric acid
HNO3
hydrochloric acid
HCl
hydrobromic acid
HBr
hydrofluoric acid HF

5. C. What is an acid?
C1. An acid is a compound that releases hydrogen ions (H+) when added to water.

6. Hydro(element root)ic acid
D.How to name acid
D1. Binary acids containing no oxygen
Hydro(element root)ic acid
e.g. HF
Hydrofluoric acid
HCl
Hydrochloric acid
HBr
Hydrobromic acid HI
Hydroiodic acid

7. D2. Oxoacids (oxygen-containing acids):
How to name acid (cont.)
D2. Oxoacids (oxygen-containing acids):
(Non-ate part)ic acid
Oxoacids
Non-ate part
Names
HClO3
Chlor-
Chloric acid
HNO3
Nitr-
Nitric acid
H2CO3
Carbon-
Carbonic acid
HBrO3
Brom-
Bromic acid
HIO3
Iod-
Iodic acid
HC2H3O2
Acet-
Acetic acid

8. (Non-ate part) + ic acid
How to name acid (cont.)
D3. Oxoacids that are slight exceptions to the naming rules of:
(Non-ate part) + ic acid
Oxoacids
Non-ate part
Names
H2SO4
Sulf-
Sulfuric acid
H3PO4
Phosph-
Phosphoric acid

9. Try again

10. RULE 1: hydro(element root)ic acid
Naming binary acid
RULE 1: hydro(element root)ic acid
Examples:
HCl is hydrochloric acid
HBr is hydrobromic acid
HI is hydroiodic acid
HF is hydrofluoric acid

11. RULE 2: -ATE becomes -IC acid
Naming oxoacid
RULE 2: -ATE becomes -IC acid
Polyatomic ion
Corresponding acid
C2H3O2- is acetate
HC2H3O2 is acetic acid
NO3- is nitrate
HNO3 is nitric acid
ClO3- is chlorate
HClO3 is chloric acid
BrO3- is bromate
HBrO3 is bromic acid
IO3- is iodate
HIO3 is iodic acid
SO42- is sulphate
H2SO4 is sulphuric acid
CO32- is carbonate
H2CO3 is carbonic acid
PO43- is phosphate
H3PO4 is phosphoric acid

12. E. Common Acid Properties
E1. Sour
E2. Corrosive
E3. Water-soluble
E4. Good electricity conductors

13. F. Acids in everyday life
F1.Phosphoric acid
(H3PO4)
F2.Citric acid
Also, ascorbic
acid (Vitamin C)

14. F. Acids in everyday life
F4. Cheese (lactic acid)
F3. Aspirin
(acetylsalicylic acid)
F5.Sour milk (lactic acid)

15. F6. Sorbic Acid: a preservative

16. G. Acids in the body G1.Heartburn:
Caused by HCl from the stomach comes back up the esophagus
Despite its name, heartburn actually has nothing to do with the heart. It is so called because of a burning sensation of the breastbone where the heart is located
Smoking, Eating large meals or shortly before bedtime , chocolate, fried and fatty foods, peppermint, coffee, alcohol, sugars relax the lower esophagus sphincter

17. H. Bee Sting and Formic Acid

18. BASES

19. I. Common Bases Name Formula Sodium hydroxide NaOH Potassium hydroxide
KOH
Aluminum hydroxide
Al(OH)3
Ammonium hydroxide
NH4OH
Sodium bicarbonate
NaHCO3

20. J. What is a base?
J1. A base is a compound which releases hydroxide ions (OH-) when added to water.

21. K-How to name bases? Metal name first+ hydroxide e.g LiOH
Lithium hydroxide
Mg(OH)2
Magnesium hydroxide
Ca(OH)2
Calcium hydroxide
Fe(OH)2
Iron (II) hydroxide

22. L. Common Acid Properties
Bases:
L1. are bitter
L2. feel slippery
L3. are water-soluble
L4. are good electricity conductors

23. M. Bases in everyday life
M3. Baking soda
(NaHCO3)
M2. Windex (NH3)
M1.Drain cleaners contains NaOH

24. N. What would you do if?
N1.Your car battery acid (H2SO4) is spilled?

25. SALTS

26. O. What is a salt?
O1. Salts are ionic compounds composed of a metal ion and a non-metal ion
O2. A salt is formed when acid react with base
E.g. CuSO4

27. P. Applications of Salts
P1. Soaps and Detergents

28. P. Applications of Salts (cont.)
P2. Fertilizer (e.g. Ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate)

29. Q. Salt and our Canadian’s weather
Q1. Why put salt on the sidewalk when it snows?

30. Q. Salt and our Canadian’s weather
Q1. Road salt helps reduce the freezing point of snow

31. R. A Cultural Look at Food Preservation
Table salts

32. What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about ACIDS today?
What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about BASES today?
What are the most 2 interesting things you find out about SALTS today?