1. Classification of Matter

2. What is classification?
Classify the following things into two classes:
Dog
Cat
Dolphin
Whale
Tuna
Shark
Tiger
Human

3. Classification in Chemistry
Chemistry focuses on matter and its interactions
We rely on knowing how matter is classified to tell us about its properties

4. Types of Properties
Extensive Properties: a property that changes when the size of the sample changes
Ex: mass
volume

5. Types of Properties
Intensive Properties: Properties that remain constant independent of the amount of sample present
Ex:
melting point
hardness
density

6. Self Check
Determine if each of the following is an extensive or intensive property
Smell
Density
Length
Luster
Malleability

7. Matter Anything that has mass, and takes up space!
Everything is matter!
Matter can be broken down into two classes:
Mixtures
Pure substances

8. Pure Substance
Form of matter that cannot be separated by physical means
Can be broken down into:
Elements
Compounds

9. Elements
A pure substances that cannot be further decomposed (broken down) by ordinary chemical methods
Elements are made of all of the same type of atoms
These are what make up the periodic table
Examples
Oxygen (O)
Gold (Au)
Iron (Fe)

10. Compounds
Compound
can be decomposed (broken down) into two or more simpler substances (elements) by ordinary chemical means
Compounds are made of multiple elements
Properties of a compound are usually different from the properties of the elements that make it up
Examples (usually given formula)
Water (H2O)
Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

11. Classes of Matter cont. Mixture
Two or more substances physically mixed together
A mixture generally has the same properties as the substances that make it up
Can be broken down into:
Homogenous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture

12. Mixtures Ctd Homogeneous Mixture Homo = same Also called a solution
Homogeneous mixture has the same properties throughout
Parts are not visible
Examples?
Salt water
Kool Aid

13. Mixtures Ctd Heterogeneous Mixture Hetero = different
Heterogeneous mixture has different properties throughout
Parts are visible
Examples?
Fruit salad
Vegetable Soup

14. Matter Flow Chart
Make a flow chart, starting with matter, that helps to explain how matter is classified
Terms that must be on map (include an example of each as well):
Matter, mixture, pure substance, element, compound, homogenous mixture, heterogeneous mixture, solution

15. Classify the Following using Flow Chart
Lead (Pb)
Iced Tea
Milk
Dirt
Silver (Ag)
Rocky Road Ice Cream
Snickers Bar
Gatorade
Hydrogen Peroxide (H202)
Nachos
Water Vapor (H20)
Gravel
Wood
Sugar (C6H12O6)

16. Classify the Following using Flow Chart
Nickel (Ni)
Chocolate Milk
Pizza
Beach
Salt (NaCl)
Trail Mix
Glue
Salsa
Coffee
Spaghetti
Water
Vegetable Oil
Gas (CH4)
Sugar (C6H12O6)