1. 1812-1814/15 (and the resulting Upsurge in Nationalism)
The War of 1812
/15
(and the resulting Upsurge in Nationalism)

2. The War of 1812 Initially unclear aims Nation not united
Americans want to invade Canada
It doesn’t work
Largely disastrous

3. 1812, the Movie

4. War at Sea USS Constitution Victory on the Great Lakes
Oliver Hazard Perry and the USS Lawrence
The whole thing was a lot better on the water than on the land

5. The British Invasion
By the summer of 1814, the war had pretty much stagnated
To force a quick end, the English invaded near Washington DC
Burned the White House down
Attempted to take Fort McHenry, near Baltimore

6. Canadian View

7. Stalemate In a sense, then, the war of 1812 was a bit of a dud
Neither side could gain a definitive advantage
Federalists met in Hartford, CT (the Hartford Convention) to discuss their issues with the war
This later led to the death of the federalist party for their supposed treasons
Treaty of Ghent finally ends the war in December 1814

8. BUT…
This is before the days of telephones, Twitter, the Internetz, or any sort of high-speed communication
Ghent is in Belgium
New Orleans is far way
General Andrew Jackson did not receive the message prior to the battle of New Orleans in January 1815

9. Battle of New Orleans

10. Impact of the War About 6,000 American dead
Globally unimportant, but quite significant for the US
Andrew Jackson and William Henry Harrison became war heroes
American nationalism re- appears for the first time since 1776

11. Examples of Nationalism
Re-charter of the Bank of the United States (1816)
Protectionist Tariff (1816)
Henry Clay’s American System (1824)
Strong banking system
Protective tariff
Transportation network of roads and canals

12. Era of Good Feelings
James Monroe won the election 1816… in a landslide
Last time that the Federalists (who were seen as traitors after the Hartford Convention) ran a candidate
Monroe did a whole goodwill tour and “everyone loved him”

13. Sectionalism!!! Panic of 1819 Westward expansion Slavery
Overspeculation of Western lands
Wildcat currency
Bank of the United States forecloses on a bunch of farms
Westward expansion
Slavery

14. Missouri Compromise
Missouri wanted to join the United States… as a slave state
Slave states would outnumber free states by one
Upsets the balance of power in the Senate
Henry Clay negotiates a compromise
Missouri enters as a slave state
Maine breaks off from Massachusetts and becomes a free state (balancing out the states and senators)
No further slavery north of the 36° 30’ (southern border of Missouri)

15. A Map

16. Landmark Legal Cases
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819): reinforced federal power over states by preventing Maryland from taxing the profits of the Bank of the United States
Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819): Restricted the ability of states to encroach upon contracts and charters (saved Dartmouth College, too)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824): reinforced Congress’s authority to regulate interstate commerce

17. Federalist Lions
John Marshall
Daniel Webster

18. Adding Florida
From , Spain moved a lot of its soldiers out of Florida to put down revolutions in S. America
Andrew Jackson thought that meant that he should invade Florida
He did
JQ Adams saved Spanish face with the “Florida Purchase Treaty” of 1819

19. Despots on the Doorstep
The following monarchs were right on the edge of the American Frontier:
Spain in Latin America
England in Canada
France in the Caribbean (and Bonaparte hadn’t exactly been a democratic guy)
Russia in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest

20. Monroe Doctrine Written mostly by JQ Adams in 1823
Warned European nations to stay out of the Western Hemisphere
Announced the end of both colonization and intervention
Told the Europeans to keep their monarchies in the Old World

21. Summary
The War of 1812, barring the Battle of New Orleans, was pretty much an unmitigated disaster
However, the nationalism that came out of the war was a driving force for American expansion
The United States began to lay the groundwork for expansion with the “American System,” Missouri Compromise, and Supreme Court decisions that strengthened the central government
These also contributed to growing sectionalism