1. Napoleon

2. How Did He Gain Power?
Napoleon defends delegates of the National Convention
Directory appoints Napoleon leader of French army
Swept through Italy to Egypt
Returns and seizes power
Coup d’etat
Restores peace

4. What Does He Do? Tax and national banking Root out corruption
Revenue, sound economy
Root out corruption
Dismissed corrupt officials
Lycees- government run public schools
Restored Church
Recognized church
System of laws
Napoleonic Code- uniform laws, restricted freedoms for order
Becomes Emperor
Crowned in Notre Dame; did it himself

6. Empire Lose Haiti to Revolution and Louisiana to American purchase
“The sale assures forever the power of the United States and I have given England a rival who, sooner or later, will humble her pride.”
Crushed opposition in Europe
Creates largest empire since Rome

8. Battle of Trafalgar
British commander Horatio Nelson defeats French fleet
Two consequences
British naval supremacy
No European empire

9. How to Control Britain? Continental System
Through blockade to strangle Britain
Policy was ineffective
Even allies ignored it
Britain puts in a more effective blockade against France

10. Peninsula War Sends invasion through Spain to Portugal
Enforce continental system
Angers Spanish
Spanish guerillas fight for 6 years
Napoleon loses 300,000
Increases nationalism, desire to be out of French Empire

11. Invasion of Russia Invades Russia Russians burn everything in retreat
Czar Alexander would not follow blockade
Russians burn everything in retreat
Nothing for French to eat
Reaches Moscow
Hit with raids, cold, and hunger in march back
Left with 10,000 men; gained what?

12. The Defeat Britain, Russia, Prussia, Sweden pounce
Take Paris
Napoleon surrenders and is banished to Elba
Napoleon comes back to try and overthrow Louis XVIII
Defeat Napoleon at Waterloo
Hundred Days was his last bid for power
Exiled to St. Helena

13. What To Do? European powers wanted peace and stablility
Congress of Vienna
Trying to achieve these goals
Supposed to be 4 weeks; went 8 months

14. Metternich Foreign minister of Austria Distrusted democracy 3 Goals:
Prevent French aggression by surrounding France
Restore balance of power
Restore royal families

15. 1. Containment of France Surround France with strong countries
Created the Netherlands
Created German Confederation
Recognized Switzerland
Added land to Kingdom of Sardonia (Italy)

16. 2. Balance of Power Did not severely punish France
Avoid revenge
If they broke up France another country might invade
France remained a “major but diminished” power

17. 3. Legitimacy Ruling families regain thrones
Needed stability
First cooperation of an entire continent
Ensured peace for a time

18. Security Monarchs now fear revolution Conservatives regain control
Concert of Europe
Alliances to help each other if revolutions broke out
Conservatives regain control
Set ideas of self government in motion

21.
Questions?