1. Headings Vocabulary Important Info
Bacteria
Headings
Vocabulary
Important Info

2. Bacteria: All Prokaryotic !
No nucleus or organelles
All in one of two Kingdoms:
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria

3. Kingdom Archaebacteria
“Extremists”
Methane-Producing: anaerobic; live in swamps, cows stomachs; sewer plants
Salt-Loving: in Great Salt Lake
Heat & Acid Loving: in deep sea vents over 100ºC

4. Kingdom Eubacteria All other prokaryotes; “bacteria”
Heterotrophs: eat food around them
Autotrophs: photosynthesis OR chemosynthesis
Most are helpful NOT harmful

5. Structure of Bacteria One circular chromosome
Strong cell wall: prevents them from bursting
Antibiotics punch holes in cell
wall = bacterial death
Gram +: stain purple
Gram -: stain pink

6. Spheres: “coccus” Rods: “bacillus” Spirals: “spirillis”
Shapes of Bacteria
Spheres: “coccus”
Rods: “bacillus”
Spirals: “spirillis”
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Bacillus anthracis
Borrelia burgdorferi

7. Reproduction of Bacteria
Binary Fission: asexual reproduction-no DNA exchange
Conjugation: sexual reproduction
DNA is transferred by a “ pilus”(bridge)
Some can reproduce every 20 minutes!

8. Adaptations of Bacteria
Some bacteria require oxygen: obligate aerobes
Other bacteria are killed by oxygen: obligate anaerobes
When faced with tough conditions; some form endospores: tough coating with DNA inside
Endopores resist drying out; extreme temperatures and chemicals

9. Adaptations of Bacteria
Botulism: caused by endospores in improperly canned food
Tetanus: caused by endospores entering puncture wound

10. Importance of Bacteria
Recycling: breakdown of wastes; dead organisms
Food: Swiss cheese, pickles, yogurt, vinegar, sauerkraut
Medicine: used to produce antibiotics and insulin