1. Alkanoic acids and Esters
Intermediate 2 Chemistry
Unit 2(b)(c)

2. Examples

3. Examples

4. Examples

5. Functional group
-COOH
The carboxyl group

6. Naming
As with other organic molecules, except ending is –anoic acid.

7. Reactions
React with alkanols to produce esters.

8. + +
ESTER

9. Producing esters
Alkanol + Alkanoic acid
Ester + Water
Because water is produced, this is called a condensation reaction.

10. Specific example + + The –OH is removed from the ACID
The –H is removed from the ALCOHOL
Using SSF:
CH3CH2CH2OH +
HOOCCH2CH3
CH3CH2CH2OOCCH2CH3
The C with H atoms attached is from the alcohol
The C without H atoms attached is from the acid

11. Use structural formulae to illustrate the reaction of:
Methanol with butanoic acid;
Propanoic acid with ethanol.

12. Naming esters 1st part of name comes from the alkanol
e.g. methanol produces methyl-, ethanol produces ethyl- etc...
2nd part of name comes from alkanoic acid
e.g. methanoic acid produces –methanoate, ethanoic acid produces –ethanoate etc...

13. Practice Name the esters produced from...
Butanol and pentanoic acid
Heptanoic acid and ethanol
Name the alkanols and alkanoic acids used to produce...
Pentyl butanoate
Methyl octanoate

14. The reverse reaction The formation of esters is a reversible reaction.
This means that an alkanol and alkanoic acid can be produced from an ester.
Ester + Water
Alkanol + Alkanoic acid
This breakdown using water is called a “hydrolysis” reaction.

15. CH3COOCH2CH2CH3 CH3COOH CH3CH2CH2OH Ethanoic acid Ethanol
Propan –1- ol