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3D Printing: The Future Dr. Bashir Khoda Assistant Professor
Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Director, 3D Printing Laboratory NDSU Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 2
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Acknowledgement Md Ahasan Habib AMM Nazmul Ahsan PhD Student, NDSU
Assistant Professor, KUET, Bangladesh Office: Ehly 210 AMM Nazmul Ahsan PhD Student, NDSU Assistant Professor, KUET, Bangladesh Office: Ehly 210 Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 3
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Outline Section 1: What is 3D printing?
Activity 1 Section 2: How the 3D printing is done? Activity 2 Section 3: What is deposition direction? Activity 3 Section 4: Traditional manufacturing process Activity 4 Section 5: Traditional manufacturing vs 3D printing Activity 5 Section 6: What are the common issues in 3DP? Conclusion Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 4
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Questions? Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 5
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What is 3D printing? Section 1: Sunday Academy 2016@ Dr. Bashir Khoda
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Question: How many of you have heard about 3D printing?
What is your opinion? Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 7
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Some applications of 3D printing
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Manufacture for Design
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Functional Product Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Sub-Assembly Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Size Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Applications Arrays Ref: Gideon Levy
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Prototypes Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Manufacturing Food! Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Good vs Bad Food Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Bio-medical Organ on Demand Sunday Academy 2016@ Dr. Bashir Khoda
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Tissue Engineering Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Tissue Engineering Cells, Biomolecules (Growth Factors, Proteins)
Matrix: Membrane or Scaffold Organ Regeneration Wound healing Tissue Regeneration [*] Lanza R, Langer R, Vacanti J. Principles of Tisssue Engineering, 3rd Ed. Elsevier Science & Technology Books Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Printing Tablet Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 20
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Light Weight Structure @ NDSU
Hilbert Curve Sierpinski Curve Variational Porosity Space filling Curve Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Shoes Ref: New Balance Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Shoes Ref: Nike Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Electronics ef: nscript] 9/19/2016 [Ref: Lewis]
Sunday Academy Dr. Bash[iRr ef: nscript] 9/19/2016 [Ref: Lewis] 24 Khoda
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Electronics @ NDSU Ref: Dr. Val Marinov Prof. IME@NDSU
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Energy Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Fashion Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Fashion Sunday Academy 2016@ Dr. hBattsphi:r//n-e-r-v-o-u-s.com/
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Others Ref: Deniz Karasahin Sunday Academy 2016@ Dr. Bashir Khoda
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Others iRobot Movie Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 39
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How 3D printing works? Sunday Academy 2016@ Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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3D Printing Also known as: Third industrial revolution
Next Generation Manufacturing Solid Free Form Fabrication Additive Manufacturing Print on Demand Layer Manufacturing Third industrial revolution Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir 9/19/2016 K 32 a hod
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Is this New? Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Chuck Hull: Year 1983 1986 founded 3D Systems
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Activity 1: Here are some items/material in-front of you. Can you
make a 3D part following 3D printing philosophy? Items are: A 2D HP printer and scissor A long rope Coarse sand, glue and ruler Multiple piece of card-board and scissor Polyurethane Foam sheet and cutter Flour and water Foam Spray Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Question: How many types of 3d printing process are there?
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Classification (ASTM 2012)
Process Technique Material 1 Vat Photo-polymerization SL, 2PP Photo curable Polymer 2 Material Jetting DoD Inkjet printer, PJT Polymer, Ceramic, Metal 3 Binder Jetting 3DP 4 Material Extrusion FDM, Robocasting, Bio-plotting 5 Powder Bed Fusion SLS, SLM, EBM, SMS 6 Sheet Lamination LOM, UC Polymer, Ceramic, Metal 7 Directed Energy Deposition LENS, DMD Ceramic, Metal Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Vat Photopolymerization
Liquid photopolymer in a vat is cured by light-activated polymerization. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 38 Ref: Dave Rosen
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Material Jetting Droplets of build material are selectively deposited.
Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 39 Ref: Dave Rosen
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Binder Jetting Liquid bonding agent is selectively deposited to join
powder materials. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Material Extrusion Material is selectively dispensed through a nozzle or orifice. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Powder Bed Fusion Laser fuses thermoplastics powders in layers.
Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 42 Ref: Dave Rosen
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Sheet Lamination A CO2 laser cuts thin sheets of material into desired cross- sections and join them with heat. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 43 Ref: Dave Rosen
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Directed Energy Deposition
Direct metal fabrication using laser cladding process. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 44 Ref: Dave Rosen
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How the 3D printing is done?
Section 2: How the 3D printing is done? Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Activity 2: Printing an object with FDM or Form 1.
– At this point, I will show them the AM process from design to manufacturing with one machine. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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3d printing process Physical Model Digitizing Point Cloud
Design Idea Generation Surface Fitting CAD Model STL Conversion Process Planning Additive Manufacturing Product Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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AM Process Hierarchy 3D Data Digitization Machine Initialization
(CAD/Reverse Eng.) Machine Initialization Part Cooling Processing/Physical printing Manufacturing /Machine Parameter Setup Standardization of Digital Data (de facto STL) Pre-Processing Post-Processing Part Removal Build Vector Determination Pre-Heating Support Removal Slice Generation Algorithm Material/Energy Deposition Machining/ Infiltration Material Filling Pattern Solidification Additive Manufacturing Processes
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Question: Which one of the process step is important and why?
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AM Process Pre- Processing Processing Post- Processing Material Design
CAD 3-D scan STL format Orientation Slicing Path Plan Printing Configure printer Fabrication Remove support Clean Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 59
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What is deposition direction?
Section 3: What is deposition direction? Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Tool-path/Deposition Direction
Discontinuity ? Y X Y Deposition direction X (b) Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Activity 3: Carpet Cleaning
– At this point, I will give them 3 minutes to form a group and identify a shape of the room they want to vacuum. Then there will measuring the information. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Carpet Cleaning Experiments
Shape and dimension Path Plan Number of turnings Time Cost Total efficiency (rate from 1- 5,5=most efficient) 1a 10 ft radius 14ftx11 ft 1b 1c 2a 15ft long, 12 ft high 2b Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Traditional manufacturing process
Section 4: Traditional manufacturing process Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Question: How manufacturing is done today?
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Activity 4: Here are some Thermocol Blocks and thin sheet in- front of you. Can you make a shape of a water bottle with it? Half of the class needs to use Thermocol Blocks and half will use thin sheet of Thermocol. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Subtractive Manufacturing
Lathe Machine Common Parts: Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Subtractive Manufacturing
Milling Machine Common Parts: Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Casting Common Parts: Sunday Academy 2016@ Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Injection Molding Common Parts: Sunday Academy 2016@ Dr. Bashir Khoda
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Traditional manufacturing vs 3D printing
Section 5: Traditional manufacturing vs 3D printing Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Question: What are the differences between 3d printing and
traditional manufacturing process? - which one is good and why? Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Activity 5: Traditional manufacturing vs 3d printing
– At this point, I will give them 3 minutes to pick a side and write down the pros and cons. Then there will be a debate for 5 minutes. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Conventional Mfg. Process and 3D Printing (AM)
Source: Baumers (2012) Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir 9/19/2016 K 65 a hod
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Difficulty and Applications
Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 66 Ref: Gideon Levy Next
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What are the common issues in 3DP?
Section 6: What are the common issues in 3DP? Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Additive Manufacturing Component
Design Printers Materials Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Additive Manufacturing Component
Design Printers Materials Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Design Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 Ref: ORNL 70
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Design Current Design Modified Design
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Additive Manufacturing Component
Design Printers Materials Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Additive Manufacturing Component
Design Printers Materials Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Materials Sunday Academy 2016@ Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 74
Ref: Dave Bourell
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Material Recycling Ref: Dr. Chad Ulven Prof. ME@NDSU
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Conclusion Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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IME Additive Manufacturing Laboratory
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Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
One of 19 programs in the nation One of the largest manufacturing facilities. Extensive advanced manufacturing curriculum New IME 433: Additive Manufacturing course Electronics Manufacturing Precision Manufacturing Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Conclusion Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Acknowledgement Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department
Tissue Engineering and Bio-Manufacturing Research Group 3D Printing Working Group Dr. Chad Ulvan Dr. Val Marinov Dr. Sanku Mallik Mr. Ben Bernard Mr. David Lehman David Zupi Chuck Hoge John Cosgriff Fargo 3D Printing Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016 80
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Published work Ozbolat I.T, Khoda, AKMB, "Design of a new Parametric Path Plan for Hollow Tissue Scaffolds with Functionally Graded Materials", 2014 Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering (ASME Transaction) , doi: / AKM Khoda and Bahattin Koc, "Functionally Heterogeneous Porous Scaffold Design for Tissue Engineering", 45(11) pp , 2013 Journal of Computer Aided Design (CAD), AKM Khoda, I.T. Ozbolat and Bahattin Koc, "Designing Heterogeneous Porous Tissue Scaffolds for Additive Manufacturing Processes", 45(12) pp , 2013 Journal of Computer Aided Design (CAD) , AKM Khoda, and Bahattin Koc, "Modeling of Variational Gradient Porous Architecture with Multi-directional Filament Deposition in 3D Scaffolds", Journal of Computer Aided Design and Applications 10(3) pp , DOI: /cadaps AKM Khoda, and Bahattin Koc, "Designing Controllable Porosity for Multi-Functional Deformable Tissue Scaffolds" ASME Transactions, Journal of Medical Device 6(3) pp , 2012DOI: / Ozbolat I.T, Khoda, AKMB, Marchany, M., Gardella, J., and Koc, B, "Hybrid Tissue Scaffolds for Controlled Release Applications," Journal of Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2012, 7(1): p AKM Khoda, I.T. Ozbolat and Bahattin Koc, "A New Functionally Gradient Variational Porosity Architecture for Hollowed Scaffold Design." Journal of Biofabrication (3): p doi: / /3/3/ AKM Khoda, I.T. Ozbolat and Bahattin Koc, "Engineered Tissue Scaffolds with Variational Porous Architecture". ASME Transactions, Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 133(1) pp , doi: / Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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Thank you. Sunday Academy Dr. Bashir Khoda 9/19/2016
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