1. The Police Origins and Organization of Law Enforcement
Community Protection Before the Police Mutual Pledge System Tithings (ten=Hundred) Constable Hundred=Shire Sheriff
Watch and Ward System
Invention of Gin as a Factor in Policing

2. The Police Metropolitan Police of London 1829
Police in the United States Boston NYPD: early problems with organized policing
The Progressive Era Professionalism Efficiency Technology

3. The Police
Private Policing Pinkerton, ADT, and Brinks

4. The Police and the Role of Law
Procedural Law
4th Amendment
Frisks and Searches Terry v. Ohio
Frisks of Automobiles
Michigan v. Wong

5. The Police and the Role of Law
Limits of Stop and Frisks Florida v. Royer US v. Place Minnesota v. Dickinson
The Exclusionary Rule Mapp v. Ohio
Searches with Warrants US v. Leon—Good Faith Exception

6. The Police and the Role of Law
Searches without Warrants
Searches Incident to Arrest Chimel v. California US v. Robinson US v. Chadwick NY v. Belton PA v. Labron

7. The Police and the Role of Law
Searches with Voluntary Consent Schneckloth v. Bustamonte US v. Matlock US v. Watson Florida v. Jimeno

8. The Police and the Role of Law
Plain View Searches Coolidge v. New Hampshire Texas v. Brown Horton v. California
Searches of Automobiles Carroll v. US Chambers v. Maroney Arkansas v. Sanders Ross v. US

9. The Police and the Role of Law
Open Fields/Abandoned Property Hester v. US California v. Ciraolo
5th Amendment Miranda Warning Escobedo v. Illinois
Erosion of Miranda Rhode Island v. Innis Public Safety Exception

10. Police Discretion Why the police don’t arrest for every violation:
Selective enforcement Goldman’s study Pilivan and Briar’s study Robert Terry’s study Donald Black and Albert Reiss’s study
Styles of Policing

11. Police Discretion Styles of Policing Watchman Legalistic Service
Based on…? Neighbor, Soldier, Teacher
The Police Personality Studies of Police Cynicism Neiderhoffer’s Study Robert Regoli’s Study

12. Police Discretion
The Police Personality Studies of Police Cynicism Neiderhoffer’s Study Robert Regoli’s Study
The Working Personality Skolnick’s Study
Predispositional Model
Education and Attitudes

13. Police Discretion Predispositional Model Education and Attitudes
Attitudes and Performance
When Officers Make Bad Decisions Forms of corruption: Nonfeasance 2. Misfeasance 3. Malfeasance

14. Police Discretion
When Officers Make Bad Decisions Forms of corruption: Nonfeasance 2. Misfeasance 3. Malfeasance
Explanations of Corruption Rotten Apple theory Subculture Hypothesis Secrecy in Department External Factors to the Dept. Weak or ineffective local govt.