1. Semester Exam Review
2016

2. Eras

3. 1519 Pineda maps the Texas coast
Cortes begins his conquest of the Aztec Empire

4. 1718
Sa Antonio de Valero (The Alamo) is established

5. 1821
Mexico wins independence from Spain

6. 1836
Texas wins independence from Mexico

7. Geography

8. Identify & describe the 4 major regions of texas
Coastal Plains – southeastern part of Texas; lots of rain and vegetation; farming & ranching
North Central Plains – farming & ranching; transportation center
Great Plains – ranching and oil industries; little regular rainfall
Mountains and Basins – dramatic landscape; dry desert climate

9. Elevation: how does elevation change from east to west?
Elevation increases from East to West

10. As the elevation increases, rainfall decreases
Rainfall: What is the trend of the amount of annual precipitation across texas?
As the elevation increases, rainfall decreases

11. What is an aquifer?
Formations of natural gravel, rock, and sand that trap and hold rainwater underground

12. exploration

13. Alonso pineda
First person to map the Texas Coast (1519)

14. Cabeza de vaca
Servant, trader, and healer for the Indians while stranded in Texas for 8 years

15. coronado
Went on an expedition to find Cibola (City of Gold)

16. La salle
French explorer who caused Spain to step up efforts to settle in Texas

17. Goal of French settlers in texas
Conquest

18. What was the Columbian Exchange? What did it include?
Trade between the Old World and New World that included diseases, goods, and slaves

19. missions

20. Corpus Christi de la ysleta
First mission in Texas, built near present-day El Paso (West Texas) in 1680

21. San Francisco de los tejas
First mission in East Texas, established in 1690; failed because of tensions, droughts and flooding, and scarce food

22. San Antonio de valero
Built in 1718 as a half-way point to the East Texas missions; also known as The Alamo

23. How did the Spaniards view the native Texans?
They used them to work and wanted them to learn the Spanish way of life, including converting them to Catholicism

24. How did the native Americans react to the lifestyle of the missions?
They did not like the stationary lifestyle

25. What caused most of the native American deaths after Europeans arrived in texas?
Diseases brought by the Europeans

26. Father hidalgo y costilla
Got help from the French in Louisiana to start a mission in East Texas

27. Antonio Margil de Jesus Francisco Hidalgo
Which catholic missionaries contributed to the mission system in texas?
Fray Damian Massanet
Jose de Escandon
Antonio Margil de Jesus
Francisco Hidalgo

28. colonization

29. What was Mexico’s purpose for colonizing Texas?
To increase the population in Texas so their land could be more protected

30. What was the Anglo American‘s’ purpose for coming to Texas?
Cheap land
Running from debt
New opportunities

31. Stephen f. Austin Father of Texas
Took on his father’s plan and settled hundreds of families from the U.S. in Texas as an empresario

32. Martin de leon Tejano leader
Only empresario to found a colony of primarily Mexican settlers

33. Requirement by mexico to emigrate to texas
Become a Mexican citizen
Become Catholic
Have good moral character

34. revolution

35. 1) a statement of the right to revolution
What are some of the similarities between the united states’ and texas declaration of independence?
1) a statement of the right to revolution
2) a list of grievances against the central government
3) a proclamation of independence

36. Santa anna
Leader of the Mexican army during the Texas Revolution (President of Mexico)

37. The law of april 6, 1830 Banned immigration from the U.S.
Banned bringing slaves to Texas
Suspended unfilled empresario contracts
Taxed all U.S. imports to Texas

38. Turtle bayou resolutions
Because of repeated violations of the constitution by the local commander, the people of Texas united against the current Mexican government

39. George childress
Wrote the Texas Declaration of Independence

40. Lorenzo de zavala
Mexican politician who signed the Texas Declaration of Independence and served as interim Vice President of the Republic of Texas

41. Juan Seguin
Tejano who helped fight in the Texas Revolution

42. Sam houston Leader of the Texas Army during the Texas Revolution
Won the Battle of San Jacinto which gave Texas independence

43. William b. travis
Lt. Col. at the Alamo; wrote a letter requesting reinforcements

44. James fannin
Lead an expedition that surrendered and was massacred at Goliad

45. Why was santa anna considered a dictator?
He created a centralist government, because he said Mexico was not ready to be a republic (he took all of the power)

46. What was the purpose of the Conventions of 1832 & 1833?
Delegates met and came up with 4 resolutions:
Legalize immigration from U.S.
Texas becomes a separate state
Customs duties be removed for 3 years
Land for public schools

47. Battle of gonzales
The first battle of the Texas Revolution

48. Battle of the alamo
Very meaningful battle of the Texas Revolution where all Texas lives were lost; became the motivation needed to finish the war

49. What was the purpose of Travis’ letter from the Alamo?
To ask for reinforcements

50. Goliad massacre
Fannin’s troops surrendered during the Battle of Coleto, and were massacred a week later at Goliad

51. Battle of san jacinto
Final battle of the Texas Revolution; Santa Anna was captured and Texas independence won

52. What are the three branches of government & the purpose of each branch?
Legislative – makes the laws
Judicial – interprets the laws
Executive – carries out the laws (Commander-in- Chief, Veto Power, Nominate Justices of the Supreme Court)