1. Ionic Compounds

2. Ionic bond: bond formed by attraction between + and - ions
Ionic Bonding
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another so that each has 8 valence electrons
- called the octet rule +
Cation -
Anion
Ionic Compound
Ionic bond: bond formed by attraction between + and - ions 2

3. Ionic Bonding Ionic bonds occur between metals and non-metals + CationH He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt
Uun
Uuu
Uub
Uut
Metals
Metalloids
Non-metals +
Cation -
Anion

4. The “magic number” is 8! 4

5. Binary Ionic Compounds Formula to Name

6. The Language of Chemistry
Chemistry has a language all of its own…
Chemistry
English
Element Symbols
Letters
Chemical Formulas
Words
Chemical Equations
Sentences
Each element symbol starts with a capital letter

7. Binary Ionic Compounds Formula to Name
Formula will have…
only 2 elements
a metal and a non-metal
To name:
Metal name + nonmetal name ending in –ide
The subscripts in the formula do not matter when naming this type

8. Examples
CaBr2
K2O

9. Write the name for the following compounds
Practice
Write the name for the following compounds
1. CaF2
2. Na3P
3. NaI
4. SrBr2
calcium fluoride
sodium phosphide
sodium iodide
strontium bromide

10. Binary Ionic Compounds Name to Formula

11. Binary Ionic Compounds Name to Formula
Names will…
end in “-ide” (except “hydroxide and cyanide”)
NOT contain covalent prefixes
To write the formula:
Draw Lewis dot diagrams of each element and transfer electrons to complete the octet.
Use subscripts to show how many of each type of ion you have.

12. Example
Sodium oxide

13. Write the formula for the following compounds
Practice
Write the formula for the following compounds
1. cesium chloride
2. potassium oxide
3. calcium sulfide
4. lithium nitride
CsCl
K2O
CaS
Li3N

14. Multivalent Ionic Compounds Name to Formula

15. Multivalent (Transition) Metals
Multivalent Metal: a metal that can form more than one ion
Examples:
Cobalt Co Co+3
Copper Cu Cu+2
Iron Fe Fe+3
Lead Pb Pb+4
Manganese Mn+2 Mn+3
Mercury Hg Hg+2
Tin Sn Sn+4 15

16. Multivalent Ionic Compounds Name to Formula
Names will…
have roman numerals (I, II, III, IV, etc.)
To write the formula:
Same as binary, except Roman numerals tell the charge of the metal cation 16

17. Examples
Iron (III) oxide
Copper (I) nitride 17

18. Write the formula for the following compounds
Practice
Write the formula for the following compounds
1. Iron (II) nitride
2. Copper (I) chloride
3. Lead (IV) sulfide
4. Tin (II) oxide
Fe3N2
CuCl
PbS2
SnO 18

19. Multivalent Ionic Compounds Formula to Name

20. Multivalent Ionic Compounds Formula to Name
Formula will have…
a transition metal
To name:
Metal name + (charge in Roman numerals) + nonmetal name ending in -ide
To determine the metal charge, make a list!
List each nonmetal ion with the charge
Total negative charge = total positive charge
Divide the total positive charge between the metal atoms
Write the charge of one atom in roman numerals in parenthesis after the metal’s name 20

21. Examples
CuCl2
Fe2O3 21

22. Write the name for the following compounds
Practice
Write the name for the following compounds
1. PbCl2
2. SnBr4
3. MnO
Lead (II) chloride
Tin (IV) bromide
Manganese (II) oxide 22

23. Polyatomic Ionic Compounds

24. Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
Polyatomic Ion: a group of atoms that has lost or gained electrons – so it has a charge!
Polyatomic Ionic Compound: compound containing at least one polyatomic ion -
Polyatomic
Anion
Polyatomic Ionic
Compound +
Cation 24

25. Identifying Polyatomic Ions
Only one cation: NH4+
All others are anions (second part of formula)
Subscripts must match exactly as it appears on the list on your periodic table 25

26. Practice Identifying Polyatomic Ions
Identify and name the polyatomic ion in each compound
1. NaNO3
2. NH4Cl
3. Ca(OH)2
4. (NH4)3PO4
5. K2CO3 26

27. Practice Identifying Polyatomic Ions
Identify and name the polyatomic ion in each compound
NaNO3
NH4Cl
Ca(OH)2
(NH4)3PO4
K2CO3
Nitrate
Ammonium
Hydroxide
Ammonium & phosphate
Carbonate 27

28. Polyatomic Ionic Compounds Formula to Name

29. Polyatomic Ionic Compounds Formula to Name
Formula will have…
MORE than 2 capital letters
at least one metal and one non-metal
To name:
Metal name + nonmetal polyatomic ion name
write the polyatomic ion’s name exactly as it appears on your periodic table 29

30. Examples
NaNO3
Fe(OH)2 30

31. Write the name for the following compounds
Practice
Write the name for the following compounds
1. Ca(NO3)2
2. Na3PO4
3. NH4ClO
4. K2CO3 31

32. Polyatomic Ionic Compounds Name to Formula

33. Polyatomic Ionic Compounds Name to Formula
Names will…
end in –ite or –ate (except for hydroxide)
Do not use covalent prefixes
To write the formula:
Make a list!
Write the symbol and charge of the cation and anion
Add additional cations or anions until the charges cancel out to zero
Use subscripts to show the number of each ion
When using subscripts with a polyatomic ion, you must put the polyatomic ion in parenthesis. 33

34. Examples
Sodium carbonate
Magnesium nitrate 34

35. Write the formula for the following compounds
Practice
Write the formula for the following compounds
1. Sodium nitrate
2. Calcium chlorate
3. Potassium sulfite
4. Calcium hydroxide
NaNO3
Ca(ClO3)2
K2SO3
Ca(OH)2 35

37. Total negative charge in compound Total positive charge in compound
Example
Anion
Total negative charge in compound
Total positive charge in compound
Cation
Name
Fe2O3 37