1. EXPLORATION OF THE NEW WORLD
A CULTURAL
EXPLOSION

2. The Bering Strait
14,000 + years ago Mongol’s crossed the frozen Bering Strait
Dispersed into Migratory patterns across North America
Largest civilizations found in South – Incas, Mayans, and Aztecs

3. Where did the Original Inhabitants of North America Come From
13,500 years ago Archeological evidence suggests a South Asian and Asian migration into present day Baja California
12,500 years ago Archeological evidence suggests a mongoloid migration over the Bering Strait from Siberia to Alaska

4. Archeological Evidence

7. Southwest Settlements
Dry, arid region
Modern Day New Mexico, Arizonza
Cliff Dwellers of the Pueblo, Hokokm, Anasazi

10. Northwest Settlements
Geographic locations created isolated societies
Pacific Coast from Alaska to Northern California
Hunter gathers who built totems to preserve their culture

14. Great Basin Nomadic Lifestyles
European Contact – Utes and Southern Paiutes raid Spanish and Pueblo settlements
Apache will move into present day Northern Texas

16. Great Plains Nomadic lifestyles Hunter gatherers Lived in family units
Teepee structures
With the advent of the horse Sioux becomes the “Buffalo Hunter”

19. Midwest Hunting and agriculture Permanent Settlements
Adena-Hopewell (current day Ohio) famous for earthern mound structures

22. Northeast Settlements
Dominated by the five (5) tribes of the Iroquis
Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk
Traders who formed political alliances amongst themselves
Matrilineal

23. Three Sisters Corn (maize), squash, climbing beans or common beans
Surplus of food stuffs becomes an economic value
Three sisters are used as means of trade and have monetary value

26. Atlantic Seaboard Settlements
Descendants of Woodland cultures
Traders
Suffered disease prior to English Colonization which left them weakened

27. Trouble in the middle East
European countries expanding trade
1453 Ottoman Turks take control of Constantinople
This creates a “middle man” who needs to be paid for trade goods with the East

28. SPAIN COMES TO TOWN
Economic venture to further enrich the nation-state
Columbus arrives in Barbados – 1492 beginning the exploration
Hernan Cortes, Francisco Pizzaro, and Coronado explore the New World
Conquistadors

29. Hernando Cortes
Invaded and conquered Tenochtitlan (Present Day Mexico City)
Successful largely due to disease
Searching for silver and gold
Montezuma – Aztec leader destroyed

33. Spain Continued
1565 St. Augustine in Florida first permanent European settlement in New World
1680 Pueblo Revolt
Spain maintained rigid royal control over colonies which led to downfall

34. Spain as Colonizers
Forced Incas and Aztecs into submission largely due to spread of disease
Catholic Church sends Priests who set up Missions
Colonies forced Native Americans to labor under the encomiendas system

35. BATTLE FOR CONTROL OVER THE NEW WORLD
Spain and Portugal both claimed the New World – They turned to the Pope
Vertical line drawn Spain has West of line, Portugal East of line
1494 Treaty of Tordesillas

36. Treaty of Tordesillas

37. Here’s France
French explorer’s set up trading posts and trade with the Native American’s for furs, lumber, etc.
Intermarry with Native American’s

39. THE BRITISH ARE COMING Arrived late due to civil wars
Roanoke experiment
Economic venture
Financed through joint-stock companies

40. Columbian Exchange
Cultural exchange
Plants
Animals
Diseases