1. DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
1. STATEMENT
2. COMMAND
3. QUESTION

2. THE CHANGES OF TOBE & AUXILIARY VERBS
DIRECT
Am, is, are
Shall/will
Can
May
Must
Have/has to
Ought to
INDIRECT
Was/were
Should/would
Could
Might
Had to

3. CHANGES OF ADVERB OF TIME & PLACE
DIRECT
NOW
TOMORROW
NEXT WEEK
TONIGHT
TODAY
YESTERDAY
LAST NIGHT
LAST WEEK
HERE
THIS
THESE
AGO
INDIRECT
THEN
THE FOLLOWING DAY
THE FOLLOWING WEEK
THAT NIGHT
THAT DAY
THE DAY BEFORE
THE NIGHT BEFORE
THE WEEK BEFORE
THERE
THAT
THOSE
BEFORE

4. CHANGES OF TENSES DIRECT INDIRECT SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST
PRESENT PERF.
PRESENT CONTIN
PRESENT PERFECT CONT.
SIMPLE FUTURE
INDIRECT
SIMPLE PAST
PAST PERFECT
PAST CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT CONT.
SIMPL.CONDIT

5. 1. STATEMENT
HE SAID
HE SAID TO ME
HE TOLD ME
THAT
REPORTED WORDS

6. STATEMENT EXAMPLE DIRECT INDIRECT
They said to me: “we are going to visit La Albuera tomorrow.”
Peter said: “I didn’t go to school today.
Ana told María: “My father got angry with me last night.
INDIRECT
They said to me that they were going to visit La Albuera the following day.
Peter said that he hadn’t gone to school that day.
Ana told María that her father had got angry with her the night before.

7. STATEMENT Exception: If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there won’t be any changes in the Reported (Indirect) speech .
DIRECT
Rober says: “ I will come to your house tonight.”
Claudia says: “I have seen that film for twice.”
“Pilar says: “I meet my boyfriend every saturday.”
Carlos says: “I don’t like sport.”
INDIRECT
Rober says that he will come to my house tonight
Claudia says that she has seen that film for twice.
Pilar says that she meets her boyfriend every Saturday.
Carlos says that he doesn’t like sport.

8. 2. COMMAND
a. Possitive Command:
HE ASKED ME
HE TOLD ME TO
INFINITIVE

9. COMMAND EXAMPLE DIRECT INDIRECT
The teacher asked me: Open your book page 65!”
María asked him: “give me a piece of paper”!
“Carla told him: “call me tonight!
INDIRECT
The teacher asked me to open my book page 65.
María asked him to give her a piece of paper.
Carla told him to call him that night.

10. 2. COMMAND b. Negative Command: HE ASKED ME HE TOLD ME NOT TO
INFINITIVE

11. COMMAND EXAMPLE DIRECT INDIRECT
Santi asked her: Don’t leave me alone anymore!”
Alberto asked Jesús: “Don’t hurt me anymore”!
“Ana told them: “Don’t disturb me!
INDIRECT
Santi asked her not to leave him alone anymore.
Alberto asked Jesús not to hurt him anymore.
Ana told them not to disturb her.

12. QUESTION a. Yes / No Question HE ASKED ME IF/WHETHER
S + V + COMPLEMENT

13. A. Yes/No Question Example
DIRECT
Pedro asked Álvaro: Does your father work near here?”
Mr. Bean asked Gonzalo: “have you collected your homework?”
Marta asked Elena: “can you accompany me to the disco tonight?
INDIRECT
Pedro asked Álvaro if/whether his father worked near there.
Mr. Bean asked Gonzalo if/whether she had collected his homework.
Marta asked Elena if/whether he could accompany her to the disco that night.

14. QUESTION
b. Wh- Question
HE ASKED ME
WHEN/WHAT
etc.
S + V + COMPLEMENT

15. INDIRECT b. Wh- Question Example DIRECT
The girl asked me: “Where Do you come from?”
My father asked my brother: “Why did you arrive at home late last night?”
Dani asked the girl: “what is your favorite movie star?
INDIRECT
The girl asked me where I came from.
My father asked my brother why he had arrived at home late the night before
Dani asked the girl what her favorite movie star was

16. EXERCISES
DIRECT
The students said to the teacher: “We haven’t done our assignment.”
My uncle said to my sister: “I cannot come on your birthday party next month.”
Peter asked Lola : “Do you love me?”
My father asked me:”Have you prepared for your final exam?
Anita told Lydia: “Don’t tell me more about your boyfriend!”
My friend asked her: “Stay with me forever!”
My headmaster asked me: “ Where do you live?”