1. WHAT IS ART? WHAT SHOULD ART CONVEY?

2. ART IS:
the presentation or expression of what is beautiful, appealing or of more than ordinary significance
layered, complex, susceptible to many different interpretations
the source of questions and ruminations, not tidy solutions

3. SURREALISM: is the imagination of the unconscious
is a positive expression
is an unification of the conscious / unconscious
is where dreams and fantasy are joined to the rational, everyday world in an absolute reality = surreality

4. SURREALITY: is surprising, spontaneous, unexpected, irrational
Andre Breton, Paris art critic, coined the name “Manifesto of Surrealism” in the 1920’s
Breton admired Sigmund Freud
Breton trained in medicine and psychiatry
disdained traditional art forms

5. EXAMPLES OF SURREALISTS:
Salvador Dali
Maxwell Ernst
Rene Magritte
Joan Miró
Picasso
Jackson Pollock (an abstractionist who greatly admired the surrealists)

6. The Persistence of Memory Salvador Dali, 19316

7. The Tilled Field Joan Miró, 1923-24

8. SURREALISM AUTHORS: authors considered surrealist
Jean Cocteau E.E. Cummings Garcia Lorca Henry Miller Anais Nin Dylan Thomas William Carlos Williams

9. REALISM: is an art movement from France in the 1850’s
is an objective reality – true to life
honesty / accuracy
subjects in art appear as they do in everyday life
no embellishment

10. REALISM:
the realists rejected romanticism and neoclassicism from the late 1700’s / early 1800’s
painters who painted from the world around them
examples of realists:
John Singleton Copley Gustave Courbet Honore Daumier Thomas Eakins Jean-François Millet William Sidney Mount

11. The Death of Major Pierson John Singleton Copley - 1784

12. The Gleaners Jean-François Millet, 185712

13. REALISM AUTHORS: authors considered realists
William Defoe Henry Fielding Hamlin Garland William Dean Howells Henry James Sarah Orne Jewett Upton Sinclair Mark Twain Edith Wharton Walt Whitman

14. IMPRESSIONISM: began in the 1860’s after the Paris World’s Fair
accurately, objectively recording of visual reality in terms of transient effects of color and light
the term comes from Monet’s painting “Impression, Sunrise”

15. FEATURES OF IMPRESSIONISM:
visible brush strokes
unusual angles
light and changing light
considered radical in its time
very open composition, movement
unmixed color not smoothly blended
how the eye views the subject / not a re-creation of the subject

16. examples of impressionists
Mary Cassat Paul Cezanne Edgar Degas Edouard Manet Claude Monet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir John Singer Sargent Alfred Sisley

17. Impression, Sunrise Claude Monet, 1873

18. The Boating Party Mary Cassat, 1893-94

19. IMPRESSIONISM AUTHORS:
the Romantic writers
William Blake Emily Bronte Wilkie Collins Mary Shelley William Wordsworth and Joseph Conrad Arthur Rimbaud Virginia Woolf

20. ABSTRACTIONISM: no concrete objects – at least no recognizable ones
morally loaded themes (rebellion, a disgust with society)
emphasis is on individual, spontaneity, mood, feelings, & revolt (without being an actual representation)
uses form / color / line to create composition existing independently of visual references to the world

21. WHY ABSTRACTIONISM?
at the end of the 19th century, artists felt they needed a new kind of art to encompass changes in Science / Technology / Philosophy
it reflects diversity / turmoil of Western society
artists include:
Theo van Doesburg Wassily Kandinsky Pieter Cornelius “Piet” Mondrian Jackson Pollock

22. Composition X Wassily Kandinsky, 1939

23. Composition with Yellow, Blue, and Red Piet Mondrian, 1937-4223 23
Composition with Yellow, Blue, and Red Piet Mondrian, 23

24. ASSIGNMENT form groups of FOUR students
choose from ONE of the four genres:
birthday party cafeteria sporting event wedding
illustrate your choice in each of the FOUR genres:
surrealism realism impressionism abstractionism
your group will have FOUR total illustrations