1. Resolving Conflicts and Preventing Violence
Chapter 9
Resolving Conflicts and
Preventing Violence
Natali Angel
Kristen Cannon
Lorena Miramontes

2. Warm-Ups
Have you ever been in the middle of a conflict between friends or family members? How did you try and resolve or prevent the conflict from going on further?
What role does alcohol and drugs play in a situation of abuse or violence? how can you prevent the causes of both these?

3. Lesson 1
Causes Of Conflict

4. Understanding Conflicts
The term conflict refers to any disagreement
Interpersonal conflicts are conflicts between people or groups of people. They arrive when peoples needs, wishes or beliefs clash with those of another party.

5. Common Causes of Conflict
Interpersonal conflicts can arise from a variety of reasons, some from just simple misunderstandings.
Power struggles. A teen and her parent might have an argument over how late she is allowed to stay out at night.
Personal loyalties. A teen might be angry with their best friend for taking another person's side in an argument.
Conflicting attitudes and values. Two friends might have an argument because one wants to only hang out with the “cool crowd” and the other wants to be nice to everyone.
Property disputes. A teen might be angry with a younger sibling for using or borrowing something without permission.
Lack of respect. Not treating someone like a parent or guardian with the respect they deserve because a teen may believe they are right about the situation at hand.

6. Understanding these causes of conflict may help you avoid some conflicts before they start. If it looks like a conflict is already developing you may be able to help it from escalating.
Escalate means to become more serious.
Conflicts can escalate into fights when emotions get out of control. Feelings such as hurt pride, embarrassment, or desire for revenge.
In some cases it's best to walk away before the conflicts escalates.

7. Results of Conflicts
-Conflict is a normal part of life. Each individual is different, and people are going to disagree sometimes. Learning to manage conflicts before they get out of hand will strengthen all aspects of your health.
-Conflict can can bring out positive results. Working to resolve a conflict can improve communication skills and problem solving skills. It can also improve their social health by teaching how to get along with people you may disagree with. Dealing with conflicts can strengthen relationships when people make the effort to work their problems out.
-Conflict can also have negative effects. They can be a major source of stress resulting. Conflicts can harm your emotional and social health if the lead to anger, frustration, fear and emotional pain.
In worst cases conflict can result to violence resulting in serious injury or even death.

8. Preventing conflicts
It's often easier to prevent conflict than it is to resolve it.
Deciding to avoid that person you have a disagreement with
If you get involved with a minor disagreement you can remind yourself that the argument isn't that important in the long run. It's not worth damaging your relationship.
Adjusting your own behavior.
Adjusting your attitude.

9. Lesson 2
Resolving Conflicts

10. Negotiation Process
Negotiation. Use of communication, to compromise and settle a disagreement
1. Take time to calm down and think about the situation
2. Let each party take turns explaining its side
3. If necessary ask for clarification to make sure that each party understands the others position

11. 4.brainstorm solutions to the conflict
5.discuss advantage and disadvantages of each solution
6. Agree on a solution that is acceptable to both sides. Ideal outcome will be a win-win solution
7. Follow up to see whether the solution has worked for each party

12. Mediation
Mediation is bringing in a neutral third-party to help others resolve their conflicts peacefully
-Neutrality. The mediator must always be an outsider who has no stake in this dispute
-confidentiality. Respecting the privacy of both parties and keeping details secret.

13. - Well defined ground rules
- Well defined ground rules. Both parties must agree to the rules set by the mediator.
In a typical mediation, each party gets a chance to present its side of the argument. The mediator then summarize the points made by each side and lead the discussion between the two parties. The mediator does not make judgments or impose solutions

14. Understanding Violence
Lesson 3
Understanding Violence

15. Causes of Violence
Violence is the threatened or actual use of physical force or power to harm another person or to damage problem.
Acts of violence may result from:
interpersonal conflicts
simply being at the wrong place at the wrong time
Violent acts may include:
uncontrolled anger or frustration
a need to control others
hatred or prejudice against a particular group
retaliation or revenge for some past harm, whether real or perceived
Children & teens are more likely to be involved in violence if:
their families are poor
have low levels of education
friends or themselves are involved in illegal activities
Teens committed to school are less likely to commit acts of violence

16. Alcohol and Drug Use
lower people’s self control, less likely to restrain their violent impulses
can damage people’s judgment, may overreact to something seen as a threat or fail to see the consequences of their actions
may take part in violent crimes in order to pay for drugs
may engage in fighting, carrying weapons, and unsafe sexutal activities
Mental and Emotional Problems
insecure teens may use violence to prove themselves
may join gangs to feel like they belong
stress, depression, and anger may cause teens to be ciolent

17. Availability of Weapons
5% of all students said they have carried a gun
people who carry guns, more likely to become victims of gun violence
if you know a teen has a weapon contact a trusted adult, or authorities
if your parents have a gun, encourage them to store it unloaded in a locked cabinet
Violence in the Media
children and teens are exposed to violent words/images on TV, in songs, and in video games
may influence the way people think about violence and its actual consequences
Gang Violence
involved in illegal activity such as drug dealings, robbery, and violent attacks
commit serious or violent crimes, most likely become victims of violence

18. Types of Violence Assault and Homicide
Hate Crimes
is any crime motivated chiefly by hatred of or prejudice against a particular group.
people may be targeted because of race, religion, culture, or sexual orientation.
Hate crimes take forms of:
Harassment: includes racial slurs, stalking, or attempts to exclude a group.
Vandalism: uses offensive messages/symbols to deface buildings.
Arson: blow up or set fire to buildings
To stop hate crimes:
change attitudes
practicing tolerance
community supporting
Assault and Homicide
Assault is an unlawful physical attack or threat of attack.
range from minor threats to life-threatening injuries
May also be random violence: violence committed for no particular reason.
Homicide is the willful killing of one human being by another.
Teens can protect themselves by avoiding:
drugs, alcohol, weapons, gangs

19. Sexual Violence:
Sexual violence is any form of unwelcome sexual conduct directed at an individual.
sexual assault: any intentional sexual attack against another person.
rape: any form of sexual intercourse that takes plays against a person’s will.
Avoiding Sexual Violence:
always be aware of surroundings
refuse to go if you do not trust the person
avoid drugs and alcohol
Responding to a sexual attack:
Distract attacker
stall time, scream
Report attack quickly
do not bathe, brush teeth, seek medical help for injuries
get tested: pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases.
Survivors need time to heal both physically and emotionally. May have feelings of:
fear, guilt, shame
Counseling can be a way to recover.

20. Preventing and Overcoming Abuse
Lesson 4
Preventing and Overcoming Abuse

21. Abuse in Relationships
Abuse is the physical, mental, emotional, or sexual mistreatment of one person by another.
A dating relationship can may be abusive if one partner
tries to pressure the other into sexual activity
tries to make the relationship serious or exclusive right away
acts jealous or possessive
tries to control the other’s behavior
yells, swears, or emotionally attacks the other
threatens the other with physical violence.

22. Forms of Abuse Most common forms of include the following:
Physical abuse is a pattern of intentionally causing bodily harm or injury to another person.
ex: hitting, biting, pulling hair, and throwing objects at another person.
Emotional abuse is a pattern of attacking another person’s emotional development and sense of worth.
ex: verbal abuse, the use to words of mistreat or injure another person.
Sexual abuse is a pattern of sexual contact that is forced upon a person against the person’s will.
ex: sexual assault, rape, and trying to pressure someone into sexual activity
Stalking is repeatedly following, harassing, or threatening an individual
ex: following physically, social media, , sending letters or gifts etc.

23. Date Rape and Acquaintance Rape
Sometimes abuse in dating relationships can take the form of sexual violence.
Date rape occurs when one person in a dating relationship forces the other person to take part in sexual intercourse. This is the most common forms of rape.
Acquaintance rape the attacker is someone the victim knows casually or considers a friend. This form is most effective to male victims.
All forms of rape can harm survivors physically, mentally, and emotionally. Long term effects include chronic pain, headaches, and stomach problems. Rape survivors can have depression, eating disorders, or post-traumatic stress disorder.
Protecting Yourself from Abuse
There are several things you can do to avoid abusive relationships.
hang out with people who share the same values and respect you.
know your limits regarding sexual activity and communicate those clearly with anyone you date.
avoiding drugs and alcohol
know the warning signs of an abusive relationship
If you feel feel a relationship is dangerous trust your instincts and get out. If found in an abusive relationship seek help to a friends, parents, or teacher. You can control only your actions.

24. Alcohol, Drugs, and Date Rape
Alcohol often plays a role in date rape. Males and females are most likely to be sexually attacked when they’ve been drinking.
Rapist use drugs to subdue their victims, using drugs such as Rohypnol (“roofies”) , GHB, and ketamine. Most drugs cause loss of consciousness, making it difficult to identify the attacker.
Avoiding Date Rape
Avoid being alone with dating partner you don't trust or do not know well.
Avoid drugs and alcohol, stay sober and aware of your surroundings.
Be clear about your sexual limits.
Always get your own beverages at parties, and never leave it uncovered or unattended. Do not drink anything that smells or tastes strange.
Make sure you have a way of getting home, don’t depend only on your date for a ride
If you begin to feel dizzy, disoriented, or sick, tell someone you trust for help getting home.

25. Help for Survivors
Those who survive may feel angry, confused, or ashamed. They can develop depression or anxiety from the traumatic experience. After this type of experience they are in risk of going into alcohol or drug abuse, eating disorders, self injury, and suicide.
Survivors can seek help from:
Parents, guardians, or trusted adults
Teachers, coaches, school nurse or counselor
Police
Physician or hospital emergency room
Shelters for victims of violence
Rape crisis centers
Therapist, counselor, or support group
Help for Abusers
Abuse is a learned behavior, many of those who abuse were once victims of abuse themselves. Some abusers understand that their behavior is wrong but feel powerless to stop it.

26. Chapter 9 Quiz
What are some ways you can prevent a conflict from escalating?
What are some ways you can prevent a conflict from happening before it's even started?
What is negotiation?
What is mediation?
What two acts can violence result from?
What are the three types of violence?
What are four causes of violence?
What are the three forms of hate crimes?
What is abuse?
What are some risks that survivors from rape can experience?

27. Quiz Answers
walk away.
adjusting your behavior, adjusting your attitude, thinking “is this even necessary? Is the problem that big of a deal? Is it worth damaging your relationship with the person you're lashing out on?” remind yourself that the problem won't be relevant in the long run.
use of communication, to compromise and settle a disagreement
bringing in a neutral third-party to help others resolve their conflicts peacefully
interpersonal conflicts, simply being at the wrong place at the wrong time
assault and homicide, sexual violence, hate crimes
alcohol and drug use, mental and emotional problems,availability of weapons, violence in the media, gang violence
harassment, arson, vandalism
Physical, mental, emotional, or sexual mistreatment to another person
alcohol or drug abuse, eating disorders, self injury, and suicide

28. What would you do? http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=CRS6GGhIRc