1. The Development of Monotheism (Judaism/Zoroastrianism)

2. The Development of Judaism (1st Monotheistic Religion)
Abraham:
Shepherd from Ur
God – Yahweh -commanded to move his people to Canaan
Father of Hebrew people
Makes convenant with God
Moses & the Exodus
Moses led Hebrews out of slavery and out of Egypt
Passover
Sinai Peninsula – 10 Commandments/New Covenant
Canaan -12 tribes
Judah:
High taxes/building projects caused discontent
Northern part of kingdom revolts
Israel in the North; Judah in the South
1650BC BC BC
722BC
1800BC
Kingdom of Israel
Hebrew tribes united as Kingdom of Israel under Kings Saul, David and Soloman
100 yrs of power and independence
Solomon builds great temple at Jerusalem to glorify God
Descendants of Abraham move to Egypt
Drought and threat of famine cause need to move
Israel Falls to Assyria:
Judah resisted for another 150 before being destroyed by Babylonians
The Development of Judaism (1st Monotheistic Religion)

3. The Development of Judaism (1st Monotheistic Religion)
Babylonian Captivity:
Babylonians attack Jerusalem and destroy temple
Survivors (Hebrews) exiled to Babylon for about 50 years (kept their religion)
Walls of Jerusalem
Temple completed in 515BC
Walls of Jerusalem rebuilt in 445BC
Judaism:
Considered the first monotheistic religion
Hebrews/Israelites/Jews – followers of Judaism
We will study Judaism more when we compare it to Christianity and Islam
539BC
445BC
586BC
Cyrus the Great
Persian King conquered Babylon
Allowed 40,000 exiles to return to Jerusalem to rebuild temple
Many stayed in Babylonia
Zoroastrianism
Who was Zoroaster and what were his teachings?
How were they related to Judaism?
The Development of Judaism (1st Monotheistic Religion)

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7. Passover
According to the Old Testament, the Lord told Moses to ask Pharaoh to let the Hebrews go free. Pharaoh refused, so after nine other curses visited the Egyptians, the Lord invoked the tenth curse: He would kill the first-born child in each Egyptian family. The Hebrews were to mark their doors with blood so the Lord would pass over their doors and not kill their first-born children. The Hebrews were also to eat unleavened bread, roast lamb, and bitter herbs on that night. After this catastrophe struck the Egyptians, Pharaoh allowed the Hebrews to leave Egypt. This was the beginning of the observance of Passover, which continues to this day.
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12. Babylonian Captivity
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15. Zoroastrianism – Monotheism
Zoroaster – Persian prophet who lived around 600BC
Taught earth is a battleground where a great struggle is fought between the spirit of good/evil
Believed in one god – Ahura Mazda
Mazda will judge everyone according to how well they fought the battle of good/evil
Similarities to Judaism?
Monotheistic
Concept of Satan/angels