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Reframing the gambling field: epistemological and methodological shifts and the study of the gambling/gaming convergence Sylvia Kairouz, Ph.D. Department of Sociology and Anthropology Concordia University Addictions 2017 Lisbon, October
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Disclosure Funding sources No conflict of interest
Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQ-SC) Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) No conflict of interest Gambling: 2016: 45.9 billion 2024: 96.9 billion Gaming: 2016:99.6 billion 2019: 118 billion 2
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Outline Historical perspective: Origin and evolution of games
Divergence of the two-fields: Theoretical perspectives Methodological approaches Convergences of the two-fields: The influence of digital technologies The zones of contentions The unanswered questions Gambling: 2016: 45.9 billion 2024: 96.9 billion Gaming: 2016:99.6 billion 2019: 118 billion 2
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Historical evolution GAMING Symbolic interactionism
Society of the study of play GAMING GAMBLING Micro-social encounters Symbolic interactionism Social Psychology Both fields went in different directions (Blumer, 1969; Goffman, 1961) (Bandura, 1986) 4
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Disciplinary divide Predominance of psychological theories
Individually-based analysis Problem-based analysis Quantitative population-based approaches Focus on the benefits of consuming games Qualitative approach based on the lived experience Context-based analysis Predominance of sociological theories 5
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Contrasting the fields
GAMING Socially acceptable Focus on positive impacts Exclusion of harm No regulations Large economic sector GAMBLING Socially sanctioned Focus on harm Exclusion of positive experience Market largely regulated Large economic sector 6
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Contrasting the fields
GAMING Socially acceptable Focus on positive impacts Exclusion of harm No regulations Large economic sector GAMBLING Socially sanctioned Focus on harm Exclusion of positive experience Market largely regulated Large economic sector Gamblification Gamification 6
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Monetary transactions
Evolution and changes Sociality Interactivity Gambling Reward system Monetary transactions Gaming 8 9
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Evolution and changes Hybrid Gam(bl)ing Overlapping Gaming Gambling
New challenges Hybrid Gam(bl)ing 9
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New symbolic-interactionist framework ?
Multidimensional Interactional context Multilevel Interpersonal level & social life Dynamic Objects of orientation of feelings & actions 10
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Complexity in contexts
Emergence = process out of which new, novel, or revitalized social entities arise, that constitute change in everyday routines, practices & perspectives constitutive of new social life. Pleasure Harm Meaning in contexts Objective realities Qualitative Quantitative 11
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Implication for gambling studies
Revisiting concepts pertaining to prevention in traditional gambling Converging with basic notions in the gaming field: The notion of play and pleasure The importance of social context & sociality The importance of the lived experience and the symbolic meaning of gambling The notion of human agency 12
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New challenges for the gambling field
Investigating the complexity of new digitalized forms of gambling (& hybrid games) (Gainsbury et al., 2014; King et al., 2012; Schull, 2005): Multilevel, multidimensional models Dynamic models and integration of game/gamblers feedback loops. Feedback loops Gamblers Machine Gambling Data feedback Algorithm -Gainsbury, SM, Hing, N, Delfabbro, PH & King, DL (2014). A taxonomy of gambling and casino games via social media and online technologies. International gambling Studies, 14(2), -King, D. L., Delfabbro, P. H., Derevensky, J. L., & Griffiths, M. D. A review Australian classification practices for commercial video games featuring simulated gambling. International Gambling Studies. 2012, 12, p -Schull, ND (2005). Digital Gambling: The coincidence of desire and design. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 13
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New challenges for the gambling field
Investigating new digitalized forms of gambling in relation to mobility (Green, 2002; Lupton, 2015; Pastinelli, 2006): Connectivity, space, and games Connectivity, time, and games Redefining the dimensions of addictions – the importance of time The notion of human agency -Green, N. On the move : Technology, mobility, and the mediation of social time and space. The Information Society (4): p -Lupton, D. Digital sociology. 2015, Abingedon, OX: Routledge. -Pastinelli, M. Habiter le temps réel: ethnographie des modalités de l’être ensemble’ dans l’espace électronique. Anthropologie et sociétés, (2) : p 14
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THANK YOU concordia.ca/fr/recherche/chairejeu
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