1. Warm up
Welcome! Please answer the following questions as pretest material (this won’t be graded on accuracy, but please try your best):
America was named after _____
When he arrived in America, Columbus originally thought he had landed in _____
The trade of goods between Europeans and Native Americans was called the ________
Why do you think European colonists went exploring (what motives)?
The ”Lost Colony” was also known as ______
The first governing document of the United States was the _____
The president of the Confederate States of America was _____
The War of 1812 lasted from _______

2. Warm up Answers Amerigo Vespucci The Indies Columbian Exchange
Religious reasons, economic reasons, glory, etc
Roanoke
Articles of Confederation
Jefferson Davis

3. Pre-Columbian Period
1st people to arrive in the New World arrived around 40,000 years ago.
Crossed over on a land bridge
Connected Siberia and Alaska

4. Pre-Columbian Period
Migrated and settled from the Arctic Circle to South America
100’s of tribes formed
Developed different cultures
1490-between 50 and 75 million inhabitants

5. Culture of North America
Mostly small settlements
Gender Roles
Men-warriors, hunters
Women-planted crops, cared for children
In some areas, larger civilizations developed
Iroquois- located in upstate New York
Formed the League of Iroquois
6 Native American nations create a union which they would govern cooperatively
Historians believe the founding fathers used this template when drafting the Constitution

6. Culture in Central and South America
Location of most Native Americans
3 major Native Americans groups
Mayans: Central America
Aztecs: Central America
Inca: Located in Peru

7. European Arrival

8. DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD
Vikings-Leader-Leif Erickson; Discovered Northeastern coast of North America-named land “Vinland”
Christopher Columbus-never knew he had discovered a new world; explored the Caribbean for Spain
Amerigo Vespucci-announced that a new continent had been discovered so land named after him-”America”; explored South America for Portugal

9. Improvement of technology
Renaissance
Artistic and scientific discovery
Increase in scientific knowledge and understanding
Maps
Compass
Improvements in ship-building

10. Religious Conflicts and Motives
Catholicism was being challenged in Europe
In 1492, Catholics defeated the Muslims in Spain
Increased the belief that Christianity was the superior religion
Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther
Rebellion against the
Catholic Church

11. Religious Conflicts and Motives
Religious leaders wanted to spread their religion
Some religious groups were trying to escape persecution
Puritans

12. Economic Motives Exploration grew from conflict for eastern goods
Attempting to find a faster sea-route to far east for trade
Increased number of poor and starving
Recession
Crop failure
Cold weather

13. Columbus
Proposed to establish new route to East Indies; Voyage funded by Spanish monarchs
Landed in the Bahamas on October 12, 1492

14. How did Christopher Columbus’ plan for reaching Asia differ from other explorers?
Columbus wanted to sail west across the Atlantic to reach Asia
believed he had landed in the East Indies
hence the name “Indians” for Native Americans

15. Columbus: Hero or Villian?
Created the first permanent link between Europe and the Americas
Forced natives into slavery and was arrested by Spanish for treatment of colonists

16. WHY DID EUROPEANS EXPLORE?
Land=Empire=Power
Gold=Money=Power
New markets and materials
Glory-become famous
Religion-they wanted the spread their beliefs
Spices/food

17. Columbian Exchange Exchange of goods between Europe and the Americas
Native Americans gave Europeans
Tobacco (most important)
Food
Europeans gave Native Americans
Livestock
Coffee and sugar cane
However:
Europeans also brought diseases.