1. Quick Question about the Respiratory System….

2. IF YOU FELL OUT OF AN AIRPLANE, WOULD YOU RATHER FALL IN POSITION 1 OR POSITION 2 IN ORDER TO SLOW DOWN? 1 2

3. WHY POSITION #1?
VS.
BECAUSE IT INCREASES SURFACE AREA! Just like in the lungs. The more surface area the alveoli have, the faster and more efficient they are at gas exchange with the capillaries

4. Circulatory System
The function of the circulatory system is to deliver nutrients to the body

5. ARTERY
VEIN
HEART
CAPILLARIES

6. ARTERY Takes oxygen-rich blood away from the heart
The walls are muscular
Strong, resilient but flexible

7. CAPILLARIES Connects arterial and venous systems
Single cell layer; ideal for exchanging gases and nutrients with tissues

8. VEINS Returns carbon-dioxide rich blood back to heart
Walls are thin and has valves
Flaccid/limp
Holds most of body’s blood

9. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF VALVES IN VEINS? TO KEEP OUT BACTERIA
TO PREVENT BLOOD FROM BACKING UP
TO KEEP THE BLOOD IN THE VEINS
TO MAKE THE VEINS STIFFER
ANSWER:
B. TO PREVENT BLOOD FROM BACKING UP

10. THE HEART: The PUMP of the Circulatory System
AORTA – largest artery in your body
VENA CAVA – largest vein in your body
LEFT ATRIUM – collects oxygen rich blood
RIGHT ATRIUM – collects oxygen poor blood from your body
LEFT VENTRICLE – pumps oxygen rich blood to your body
RIGHT VENTRICLE – pumps oxygen poor blood to your lungs

11. BLOOD FLOW FROM THE UPPER BODY FROM THE UPPER BODY FROM THE LOWER BODY
START HERE
END HERE
FROM THE UPPER BODY
FROM THE UPPER BODY
FROM THE LOWER BODY
FROM THE LOWER BODY
START HERE
END HERE

12. PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
VENA CAVA
RIGHT
ATRIUM
VENTRICLE
AORTA
LEFT
LUNGS
BODY

13. VIDEO: How the Normal Heart Pumps Blood

14. Why do we get cramps when we exercise right after we eat?
INTERESTING FACTS:
What makes blood red?
Why do we get cramps when we exercise right after we eat?
Why do people faint?

15. WHY IS BLOOD RED?
They carry IRON!
Red blood cells

16. WHY DO WE GET CRAMPS IF WE EXERCISE RIGHT AFTER WE EAT?
Blood is rushing to your muscles to give them nutrients and there is not enough blood leftover to help with digestion.

17. THE BRAIN IS NOT GETTING ENOUGH OXYGEN!
WHY DO PEOPLE FAINT?
THE BRAIN IS NOT GETTING ENOUGH OXYGEN!

18. ATHEROSCLEROSIS The Hidden Disease
A disease where plaque builds up in the arteries, limiting the flow of oxygen and nutrient rich blood to the body.
PLAQUE is made up of
FAT
CHOLESTEROL

19. Why should we care?
Every 7 minutes someone in Canada is dying from heart disease or stroke
30% of all deaths are due to heart disease/stroke
Costs us $22,200,000,000 every year
9 out of 10 Canadians have at least one risk factor for heart disease/stroke
1.3 million Canadians have heart disease/stroke

20. RISK FACTORS
UNCONTROLLABLE
FAMILY
AGE

21. RISK FACTORS CONTROLLABLE PHYSICAL INACTIVITY SMOKING DIET
Within one year of quitting smoking, your chances of dying of smoking-related heart disease is cut in half!
Anemia – rbc carry iron
Whiteblood cells are the “pacman” of blood

22. Smoking: A Controllable Risk Factor
for Atherosclerosis
CHECK OUT THIS VIDEO:

23. Atherosclerosis can lead to…
Coronary Heart Disease (and heart attack)
Carotid Artery Disease (and Stroke)
Peripheral Arterial Disease

24. 1) CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Plaque builds up in the arteries of the heart
ANGINA
HEART ATTACK

25. SYMPTOMS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Angina: aching, burning, numbness, squeezing
Pain/discomfort in the upper body
Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
“cold sweat”
Fullness, indigestion, or choking feeling
Nausea or vomiting
Light-headedness, dizziness, extreme
weakness or anxiety
Rapid or irregular heart beats
Every hour that a stroke is untreated, you lose as many brain cells as it does in 3.6 of normal aging
Red: call 911 immediately b/c it’s a heart attack

26. 2) CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE
Plaque builds up in the arteries of the neck
Oxygenated blood can’t reach brain
STROKE

27. SYMPTOMS OF STROKE
Sudden weakness or numbness in the face or limbs, often on just one side of the body
The inability to move one or more of your limbs
Trouble speaking and understanding
Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
Dizziness or loss of balance
A sudden, severe headache with no known cause

28. 3) PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE
Plaque builds up in the arteries of the leg, arms, and pelvis
NUMBNESS
PAIN
INFECTIONS

29. SYMPTOMS OF PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE (LEG)
leg pain when walking short distances
sores that are slow to heal on the leg or foot
cold, pale, or bluish feet due to poor blood circulation
No pulse below blockage

30. Atherosclerosis – Interactive VIDEO