1. EARLY COLONIZATION & THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

2. Explorers-looking for GOLD,
Explorers-looking for GOLD, GLORY, & spread the word of GOD (Christianity)
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE: America sent new foods & tobacco; received diseases, animals & old crops Plantations rose to produce foods desired by Europe. 1st used Native Americans (Indians), died due to new diseases. Began using West African slaves.

3. *English (British) Colonization
*Jamestown,1607–
1st Successful colony named for English King James I.
Swamp & barely survived

4. *Mayflower Compact- 1620
Colonizers signed a pact to stick together, thus enacting the *first “colonial agreement” in the “New World” - beginnings of Democracy.

5. Jamestown’s success leads to more colonies (32).
*Push & Pull Factors*
Jamestown’s success leads to more colonies (32).
Push Factors (have to)
Lack of Land
Only males inherit families land
Recession
Persecution
Pull Factors (want to)
Open Land
Farming
Social Ladder
Jobs
Religion

6. *British (English) Colonies*
New England (Cold)– Maine, N.
Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut
& Massachusetts Bay (Trade)
Middle Colonies (Mid temps) -New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware (farm and commerce)
Southern (Hot)– Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, & Georgia (plantations)
*All colonies could practice slavery before 1700

7. Map of the 13 Colonies 1. What colonies are considered South. 2
*Map of the 13 Colonies 1. What colonies are considered South? 2. What divides the colonies from the Indian territory?

8. *Mercantilism Economic policy between 16-18th century
*The idea that colonies existed for the benefit of the Mother Country
Encouraged domestic production & exports, discouraged imports=trade surplus
*Trade surpluses lead to greater national wealth

9. *American Revolution = American Independence*
*Revolution - The overthrow of one government (British) and replacement with another (United States).

10. *French and Indian War
*French & Indians vs British - fighting for the same territory
Britain wins - gains area east of Mississippi River (red)
French
retreat to
Canada.

11. *Main Causes of the American Revolution
1. *Proclamation Line of 1763 – King George III closed lands west of the Appalachian Mountains (geophysical border) to settlers to prevent Indian conflicts
Colonists moved west anyway

12. 2. Taxes- *King George & Parliament believed colonists should pay off debt from French & Indian war*:
a. Sugar Act
b. Quartering Act-colonists had to house & feed soldiers in their home.
c. Stamp Act
d. Townsend Act-tax on imports
Colonists cry
*“No taxation without representation!”*

13. Other Causes:
3. Boston Massacre- British soldiers shoot & kill 4 angry colonists.
4. Tea Act (tax) =
Boston Tea Party
5. Intolerable Acts-
acts to punish
colonists

14. Quick Check Define Mercantilism.
Give me an example of mercantilism today?
What were the 5 causes of the American Revolution?

15. First Continental Congress
Members of Continental Congress:
Patrick Henry, Sam Adams, John Adams,
John Hancock, George Washington, & Ben Franklin
Met in Philadelphia & agreed to boycott British goods, organize militias (armies), & appeal to King George III to repeal taxes.

16. *Lexington and Concord
April 18, 1775 – British troops march to Concord to seize military supplies. Encountered 20 armed militia (colonists).
Someone fired a
shot. British kill
8 minutemen &
continue march
to Concord.
*1st battle of the
American
Revolution!

17. Lexington and Concord
On the way back, thousands of Patriots/Minutemen gathered along the way & killed 25% of the British troops as they returned to Boston. Hid behind trees, stone walls, & houses.

18. *Revolutionary Ideas*
*Common Sense –
Thomas Paine wrote the revolutionary pamphlet
to support a break with
Britain.
“The period of debate is closed.
Arms as the last resource decide
the contest…Everything that is
natural pleads for separation. The blood of the slain, the weeping voice of nature cries, ‘TIS TIME TO PART.”

19. *Declaration Of Independence*
July 4, 1776
Written by Thomas Jefferson
Official statement
of separation
from Britain.

20. *Unalienable Rights *“Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness”
Human rights that are fundamental & cannot be surrendered!
1st used by T. Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence,
*“Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness”

21. *Advantages & Disadvantages
*Colonists
*Knew the territory
Familiar with British tactics.
Disadvantages:
- Stable economy/supplies
- Less troops
British - Disciplined - Good equipment - Navy Disadvantages: - Fought in hostile country - Poor military strategy vs. colonialists

22. *American Revolutionary War* (fight for US independence)
Battle of Saratoga – turning point in the war
Battle of Yorktown – British Gen. Cornwallis was defeated & forced to surrender

23. Colonists Win!
Treaty of Paris, 1783 – ends American Revolution.

24. *George Washington*
Led the U.S. Continental Army to victory over the British.
First President of the United States & considered the Father of our Country.

25. Ben Franklin
A founding father who was a political activist, politician, diplomat, author, & scientist .

26. *Thomas Jefferson *Author of the Declaration of Independence.
3rd President of the US.

27. *James Madison *“Father of the Constitution”
*Author = U.S. Bill of Rights
4th President of the U.S.

28. *Louisiana Purchase, 1803
Napoleon (French emperor) sold the Louisiana territory to the U.S. for $15 million (3 cents/acre).
Lewis and Clark were sent to explore the areas in the Louisiana Purchase.

29. Louisiana Purchase