1. “A Knight’s Tale” What aspects of the video are NOT time specific?
Who is Chaucer and what role did he play in the video?
Brainstorm and make a list of all concepts of feudalism are depicted in the video.

2. The Middle Ages
Brainstorm a list of things you associate with the Middle Ages.
What is “chivalry”?
Does it exist today? Why or why not?
Do you have any specific examples of chivalry in today’s society?

3. Once upon a time…………… In a land (galaxy) far, far, far, far, far , far, far……………..away, Rome has been defeated by Germanic invaders and the Roman Empire is no more. Roman and barbarian peoples merge. People were born, lived, and died in their village.

4. This period of time is known as the ________ Ages because trade and education have declined; as well as law and order. Kingdoms develop known as Franks, Goths, and Lombards.

5. Rome is gone!

6. The Early Middle Ages

7. Periodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000
High Middle Ages: – 1250
Late Middle Ages:

8. Middle Ages The transition of time from ancient to modern times
Covers a 900 year period from political end of Roman Empire in the 5th century to the beginning of the Renaissance in the 14th century

9. Roots of medieval culture in Western Europe
The new society slowly emerged that had roots in:
The classical heritage of Rome
Beliefs in the Roman Catholic Church
The customs of the various Germanic tribes (Lombards, Franks, Ostrogoths, Angles, Saxons, & Visigoths)

11. Effects of Germanic Invasions

12. Effects of Germanic Invasions
Disruption of trade: merchants faced invasions from both sea and land which forced an end to trade and industry.
Roman roads deteriorated, unemployed workers moved to rural areas and money fell into disuse.

13. Effects of Germanic Invasions
Downfall of cities: people left because of high unemployment
Cities were abandoned as centers of government and trade

14. Effects of Germanic Invasions
Population shifts: because of lack of jobs, people moved to rural areas to grow their own food to survive
Roman cities were left without strong leadership

15. Effects of Germanic Invasions
Decline of learning: people were not concerned about education, technology, or innovation, but merely just staying alive
Germanic invaders could not read or write

16. Effects of Germanic Invasions
Loss of common language: Germanic languages mixed with Latin and Romance languages developed
Schools, libraries, and museums were destroyed
Arts & sciences were neglected

17. Franks

18. Who were the Franks?
Lived mainly in Gaul (modern France & Switzerland)
Led by Clovis, he brought Christianity to the region after defeating another Germanic army when the tide of the battle shifted
By 511, Clovis had united the Franks into one kingdom and earned the support of the Church in Rome

19. Spread of Christianity
Franks helped spread Christianity with the aid of the Roman Catholic Church
Monasteries were established in rural areas
Some converted out of fear of coastal attacks by the Muslims

20. Benedict

21. Benedict Monk who lived in a monastery around 520 AD
Wrote a book outlining a strict but practical set of rules for monastic life
Followers of his rules would become known as the Benedictine Monks
Became a guideline for many religious communities in western Europe

22. Monasteries Became Europe’s best educated communities
Maintained libraries, opened schools, and copied books
Preserved Roman history and transcribed the history of England through religious writings decorated with ornate letters and beautiful pictures

23. Illuminated manuscripts

24. Pope Gregory I Gregory the Great becomes Pope in 590 AD
Broadened the authority of the papacy (Pope’s office) beyond spiritual role
Became secular, or worldly power involved in politics
Center of Roman government: funded armies, repaired roads, helped the poor, made peace treaties

25. Mayor of the Palace
Major domo (aka Mayor of the Palace) was the most powerful person in the Frankish kingdom
Led armies, made policy
719 Charles Martel (Charles the Hammer) extended the Franks reign to the north, south and east
Defeated Muslim raiders from Spain at the Battle of the Tours

26. Charles Martel
Preserved western Europe from becoming part of the Muslim empire
Became a Christian hero
Passed power to his soon Pepin the Short who also wanted to become King
Agreed to fight the Lombards, who had invaded Rome, at the Pope’s request

27. Pepin the Short The Pope anointed Pepin “King by the grace of God”
Began the Carolingian Dynasty that would rule the Franks from 751 to 987

28. Age of Charlemagne Frankish King: conquers nearly all of Europe
Crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III
Signaled the joining of Germanic power, the Church, and the heritage of the Roman Empire

29. Accomplishments of Charlemagne
Warfare: conquered the Lombards, pushed Muslims back to Spain, also defeated the Slavs in Bohemia and Saxons in North Germany
Increased power of the Catholic church & expanded Christianity
He reunited western Europe

31. Accomplishments of Charlemagne
Government: divided empire into provinces, appointed counts to run the province, & traveled extensively throughout the Empire
Education: established schools in monasteries to educate future monks and priests

33. Viking Obsession

34. New Invasions
New wave of invasions: Muslims, Magyars (Hungarians), Vikings
Left empire to 3 sons: Lothair, Charles the Bald, and Louis the German
They fought each other for control of the empire
Treaty of Verdun divided empire into 3 kingdoms
Lack of strong rulers led to new system of governing: feudalism

36. Feudal Europe Barbarian attacks fracture large European states
Lords live in castles to protect themselves
Peasants move to live near castles on nobles land
Feudalism develops

37. Opening Activity
What were the stages to becoming a knight? Ch. 13 Sec. 3

38. Feudalism

39. Knights
Chivalry: Loyal to lord, not sleep with his wife, or surrender his castle as well as religious devotion and service to ladies
Tournaments: feasting, pageantry and dance
Eventually become professional warriors

41. A Knight’s Weapons