1. Chapter 5 Day and Night Cycle Craters Tides
Sun, Earth, and Moon
Chapter 5
Day and Night Cycle
Craters
Tides
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

2. Day and Night Cycle Key Concepts
Earth’s rotation defines day and night
Earth’s daily rotation causes the Sun, Moon, Planets, and stars to appear to move in the sky. Diurnal motion
Daytime in one place means night time in another place.
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

3. The Earth
What about earth sets it apart from other planets in the Solar System?
Why can Earth sustain life?
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

4. The Earth Unique Characteristics Liquid Water Atmosphere
Magnetism
Just the right size
Just the right distance from the Sun
Internal heat engine!
Plate tectonics
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

5. The Earth
Water
Hard to change the temperature of water (High specific heat)
Only compound in which that the solid form is less dense than water
Surface Tension
Water is a polar molecule
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

6. Water Scarcity
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

7. Water
Tides
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and inertia.
2 high tides and 2 low tides per day
Some times are more drastic than others due to the geography of the area.
Bay of Fundy
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

8. Spring tides – more drastic tides caused by the direct alignment of the Moon and Sun
New and Full moon only
Neap Tides – smallest tides when the moon is not in alignment with the Earth and Sun
1st and 3rd Quarter moons
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

9. The Earth Atmosphere Protects us from harmful UV rays
Nitrogen 78%
Oxygen 21%
Argon <1%
Protects us from harmful UV rays
Magnetic Field protects us from the Sun
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

10. The Earth The atmosphere
The Earth’s Atmosphere protects us from meteors and small asteroids.
However, sometimes they are just too big.
Key Impact Craters:
Vredefort Crater - Biggest
Chicxulub Crater – Dinosaur Extinction
Popigai – Diamonds!
Chesapeake Bay Crater
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

11. The Earth Atmosphere Magnetic field Creates Aurora Borealis
Also Known as the Northern lights
Occurs when the Sun emits a Solar Flare and the particles interact with the magnetized atmosphere
Aurora Borealis Video
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

12. Day and Night Cycle If it is day somewhere, it is night somewhere
“it’s 5 o’ clock somewhere” is actually true
Only 50% of the earth is lit at one time.
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

13. Day and Night cycle
The Earth rotates once a day about its own axis which runs from pole to pole. So for roughly half the day a place will be facing the Sun and in the light, and the rest of the time it will face away and experience night time.
It rotates from West to East (Counter clock wise) which is why for us we see the Sun rise in the East.
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle

14. Day and Night cycle
The line that marks the difference between day and night moves along the equator at a speed of about 1,600 km/h (1,000 mph).
Fun Fact – The earth’s rotation is gradually slowing down. This is due to tidal effects. - Explained later
Time lapse from space!
The Earth, Moon, and Sun Day & Night Cycle