1. Key Vocabulary Eclipse Vocabulary Annular eclipse Annulus Penumbra
Moon Vocabulary
Lunar maria
Spring tide
Neap tide
Rays
Sidereal period
Synodic period
Waning
Waxing
Apogee
Perigee
Moon info in the textbook:
P39-41 p p
Eclipse Vocabulary
Annular eclipse
Annulus
Penumbra
Umbra
Lunar eclipse
Solar eclipse
Eclipse info in the textbook:
P42-45

2. Astronomy 2014
Earth’s Moon

3. Lunar Maria
Huge impact basins that were flooded by lava that now appear as smooth, dark areas
Also called “seas”
Cover 17% of the Moon
Range from about 200 km km in size
Physical Features: pits & craters
Rock type: Basalt

4. Sea of Tranquility (Mare Tranquillitas)
Site of Apollo 11 Landing
Selected because of level terrain

5. The map shows a lack of major maria on the lunar farside
The map shows a lack of major maria on the lunar farside. Two causes: 1) lunar surface is on farside has higher elavations 2) the crust seems to be thicker on the lunar farside than on the nearside. Differences should make it harder for mare magmas to reach the surface on the lunar farside.

6. Blue: about 10km in crustal thickness (likely reduced from km in crustal thickness due to impacts)
Red: 50+ km in crustal thickness

7. Spring Tide and Neap Tide
Highest and lowest monthly tides
Occur at the new and full moon
Caused by the alignment of the Sun and Moon with the Earth
Neap Tide
Lower than average tides
Occur at the first and third quarter moon
Created when the pull of the Sun is perpendicular to the pull of the Moon on the Earth

8. Lunar Craters
Bowl-shaped depression left by the impact of an object that struck the lunar surface
Shape is due to material flying out in all directions as a result of the explosion upon impact
Craters are the most common surface features on the Moon
Major Parts
Floor
Central Peaks
Walls
Rim
Ejecta
Rays

9. Crater Rays
Bright streaks extending away from the crater sometimes for great distances, composed of ejecta material.

10. Tycho
Large, complex impact crater with terraced walls, flat floor, and central peaks
Most visible crater on the near side of the Moon
85 kilometers wide, 4.8 km deep
Formed about 200 million years ago from an oblique impact
Surrounded by a dark ring and long rays
Rays are not distributed equally in all directions
Rays located primarily to the lunar east, south, and northwest
No rays to the west

11. Sidereal Period and Synodic Period
Sidereal Period: the Moon’s actual orbital period around the Earth
Synodic Period: time between successive recurrences of the same phase (for example: full moon to full moon)

12. Waxing and Waning Waxing Face of the moon is increasing into view
New Moon  Full Moon
Waning
Face of the moon is decreasing out of view
Full Moon  New Moon

13. Apogee and Perigee Apogee
Point at which Moon orbits furthest from Earth
Moon appears smallest
Perigee
Point at which Moon orbits closest to Earth
Moon appears largest

14. Astronomy 2014
Eclipses

15. Penumbra Umbra Outer regions of an object’s shadow
Lighter than middle portion
Umbra
Center region of an object’s shadow
Darker than outer portion

16. Lunar eclipse Occurs when the Moon passes through Earth’s shadow
Can only occur at full moon
Three Types:
Total
Partial
Penumbral

17. On the back of your packet, sketch this graphic showing the arrangement of the Sun, Moon, and Earth for a lunar eclipse.

18. Solar eclipse Occurs when the Moon’s shadow falls on Earth
Can only occur at new moon
Three Types:
Total
Partial
Annular

19. Annular Solar Eclipse Type of Solar Eclipse
Occurs when the Moon is directly in front of the Sun, but does not completely block it out
Annulus: Ring of sunlight that is seen around the dark Moon shadow