1. EARTH'S MOON: LUNA

2. Origin of the Moon
Approx. 4.6 billion years ago Earth collided with an object the size of Mars. It is believed that Earth had a hard crust, but the inside was molten rock (still liquid). This collision caused a large mass of liquid rock to be thrown into space. It cooled and hardened into what we know as the moon. (THEORY – NOT FACT)
Since the moon has no atmosphere to protect it from debris floating in space, its surface is covered with impact craters

7. 50 miles

8. LUNAR MOVEMENT
revolves around Earth in an elliptical orbit that it completes in 27⅓ days
Since the orbit is elliptical, the moon is at times closest to Earth (perigee), and at other times farthest from Earth (apogee)
The moon rises in the east and sets in the west, just like the sun (remember, this is caused by Earth’s rotation)

9. Perigee
356,410 km
Apogee
406,700 km

11. PHASES OF THE MOON beginning phases is called NEW MOON
During this phase the moon’s surface is not visible
The moon’s surface will then appear to become more visible each night until the FULL MOON phase
During this time when the surface becomes more visible, the moon is said to be WAXING
Once the full moon is reached, the moon’s surface will get less visible each night until the new moon phase is again reached
During this time when the surface becomes less visible, the moon is said to be WANING

12. …PHASES
*Important, the moon gets lighter from right to left, and gets darker from right to left
(think like the Karate Kid…wax on, wane off)
Go outside at night and practice determining if the moon is waxing or waning!
The time it takes the moon to go from one new moon phase to the next new moon phase is called a lunar month. This takes 29½ days

14. SUNLIGHT

16. Blue Moon…
A blue moon is when there are 2 full moons in one month. The moon isn’t actually blue though!

17. ECLIPSES

18. Lunar eclipse – this occurs when the moon passes through Earth’s shadow cast into space
The moon is blocked from view
This only happens in the FULL MOON PHASE!!!

22. Total Lunar Eclipse 10/28/04

23. Total Lunar Eclipse – 5/04/04

24. Solar eclipse – this occurs when the moon passes between the sun and Earth
The moon’s shadow is cast onto Earth’s surface
The sun is blocked from view
This only happens in the NEW MOON PHASE!!!!

31. Partial SOLAR Eclipse 4/19/04

34. TIDES
the rising and falling of the levels of water caused by the pull of the moon’s (and to some extent the sun’s) gravity
On average, many locations receive two high and two low tides each day (approx. six hours apart)

35. Spring tides are when the high tides are especially high, and the low tides are especially low
This occurs during the new moon and full moon phases, because the pull of the moon’s and sun’s gravity are working together

37. Benedictine Abbey – Bay of Fundy (Nova Scotia, Canada) – founded in 708, highest tidal range in the world!

38. Man-made causeway added in 1992
Same High Tide –
Man-made causeway added in 1992

41. Neap tides are when the high tides are not very high, and the low tides are not very low (small tidal range)
this happens twice a month during the waxing quarter and waning quarter, because the sun’s gravity is working against the moon’s gravity

43. Low Tide and High Tide @ Hilton Head, SC

44. A tidal bore is a wall of water that moves up certain low-lying rivers due to an incoming tide. Tidal bores form when an incoming tide rushes up a river, developing a steep forward slope due to resistance to the tide's advance by the river, which is flowing in the opposite direction.

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