1. Lesson 6 Ford and Carter Struggle
An Era of Change ( )
Lesson 6 Ford and Carter Struggle

2. Lesson 6 Ford and Carter Struggle
An Era of Change ( )
Lesson 6 Ford and Carter Struggle
Learning Objectives
Evaluate the presidency of Gerald Ford.
Evaluate Ford’s foreign policies.
Assess the domestic policies of Jimmy Carter.
Discuss changing U.S. foreign policy in the developing world.
Analyze how American society changed in the 1970s.
Gerald Ford
pardoned
Helsinki Accords
human rights
SALT II
boat people
Jimmy Carter
Christian fundamentalists
amnesty
Community Reinvestment Act
sanctions
developing world
Camp David Accords
Wisconsin v. Yoder
televangelists

3. Ford Travels a Rough Road
Nixon Resigns (never fully impeached)
Gerald Ford takes office (Nixon’s VP) – 25th Amendment
Wants Americans to put the Watergate scandal in the past.
Restore honor to the White House
Public lost faith in White House
“A Ford, Not a Lincoln”
Sept. 8, Ford pardoned Nixon.
Troubled Economy -
worst situation since the Great Depression
US Dependent on foreign Oil/OPEC increase prices
“W.I.N.”-Whip Inflation Now
Urged Americans to limit gas and fuel
“Tight Money” policy
Cut Gov’t spending and encouraged the Federal Reserve Board to restrict credit through higher interest rates.
Worst economic recession in 40 years.
WIN- failure

4. Crash Course – Ford/ Carter

5. Ford’s Foreign Policy Carrying out Nixon’s Foreign Policies SALT II
Ford followed Henry Kissinger’s advice
Continue talks with Russia and China
Helsinki Accords
A series of agreements that promised greater cooperation between the nations of Eastern and Western Europe.
Human Rights – basic rights for every human being.
Ford’s greatest accomplishment
SALT II
USA + USSR pledge to limit nuclear arms production.
US Senate never ratifies the treaty.

6. Ford Continues Nixon’s Foreign Policies
Ongoing Turmoil In Southeast Asia
1973- Vietnam peace talks broke down
Ford asks Congress for $722 million in support – Congress denies
1975- S. Vietnam surrendered to the North
100,000+ Vietnamese refugees attempt to flee Vietnam
Boat People
20 + Million people flee Vietnam

7. Carter Enters the White House
Election of 1976-
Republican- Gerald Ford;
Democrats-Jimmy Carter
Carter a peanut farmer from Georgia and former governor.
“never tell a lie to the American People.”
Jimmy Carter wins election
40.8 million votes – 39.1 million votes
“citizens president”
Limited Political experience
Amnesty to draft dodgers
Political pardons.

9. Confronting energy Crisis
Inflation
Prices of items continued to increase drastically.
US Car companies hurt
Chrysler – received federal loans to survive.
Japanese Car Companies sell cars in the US.
Energy crisis
Shortage of Fuel
$ of gas increased
Oil Shortage nd fuel shortage in America
OPEC –raised prices
Carter couldn’t solve energy crisis.
Foreign Oil
America relied too heavily on foreign oil
Carter created more than100 proposals for alternative energy
Community Reinvestment Act
Provided loans to low income families.
Future problem in Great Recession
National Energy Act
Tax gas guzzling cars
Tax credit on alternative energy
Dependence on foreign oil decrease in 1979

10. Foreign Policy Changes Under Carter
Carter established the US as a nation of Freedom and Justice.
US and USSR relations decline
USSR invades Afghanistan 1979
USSR wants to help a communist uprising
Carter withdrawals SALT II Treaty and imposes sanctions
Penalties on the USSR
USA boycotts 1980 Olympic games in Moscow.

11. Analyze Charts What can you infer about the United States' relationship with the Soviet Union during the Carter administration?

12. Foreign Policy in Latin America
USA and Cuba
Relations improve
Castro allows people to leave Cuba for USA
Panama Canal Zone
Returned the Panama Canal Zone to Panama by 1999
Most controversial decision by Carter
People wondered the economic impact of losing the control of the Canal.

13. Crisis in the Middle East
Camp David Accords
Peace between Egypt and Israel
Israel withdrawal from Sinai Peninsula
Egypt officially recognizes Israel
Iran and the United States
1953 Britain/CIA overthrow Mohammed Mossadegh
Install Shah (King) Mohammed Reza Pahlavi “puppet”
Control Oil
Revolution in Iran 1979
Ayatollah in… Shah out

14. USA and IRAN Revolution in Iran 1979 Ayatollah in… Shah out
Carter supported the Shah
-USA access to Oil
Shah enters USA for cancer treatment
Riots/Revolutionaries attack the US Embassy
Nov
52 Americans Hostage
444 Days captive
Captives released Jan
Hip Hughes Iran Contra

15. Unease Over Changing Values
Changing nation – Change in country’s values
Demographic Change
Sun Belt Southern and Western States increase in population (Climate and Jobs)
Rust Belt – Northern industrial states and cities.
Immigration
Strong US increases immigrants wanting to come to America
Asia, Puerto Rico, Cuba. (Increases Latino political power)
“ME Decade” – Americans concerned with improving themselves. (1970s)
Increase in personal fitness, Meditation
NYC Marathon 1970 – 100 people
NYC Marathon 1980 – 14,000 people

16. Unease Over Changing Values
Analyze Maps Which regions of the United States most likely suffered economically as a result of population loss during the 1970s and 1980s?

17. Conservatives in USA 1970s – resurgence of fundamental Christianity
Opposed Supreme Court rulings on Abortion + Prayer in School
Roe v Wade. + Engel v. Vitale
Wisconsin v. Yoder – cannot force Amish children to attend school after the 8th grade. (Religious Freedom)
Televangelists – Religious TV Preachers
Marion “Pat” Robertson
Joel Osteen