1. ENERGY Science The 1,2,3s of NRG
Presentation by Andrew Chapman, but conceptual credits go to Gregg Swackhamer and the ASU Modeling Group 
Thanks for looking at this nifty little intro to energy (and it makes a great review down the road…) It will be helpful for you to have objects to lift and drop (balls, boxes, etc.)

2. What is energy? Energy is the capability to affect change
(ability to make changes)
1st Law of Thermodynamics: Energy cannot be created or destroyed
But one can store energy
And if one can store it, one can move it
Thus one can transfer it
So, 1 kind of energy (called energy)
2 things to do with it: transfer or store
1 kind of energy, 2 things to do to it, and three ways of transferring it.

3. Energy Transfer Mechanisms (3)
The circle is the “system”
Circle size = amount of energy in the system
Change the circle size (∆E) by transfer of E R ∆E
RADIATING (distance) W
W = using Forces to make changes (pushing or pulling, but fields like gravity or electromagnetic can be involved too)
R = Radiating, can travel through vacuums (how? You could talk about photons…)
Q = objects must be in physical contact and transfer energy via a temperature difference (elastic collisions of molecules…) Where does the “Q” come from? There’s a bit of debate about this, but there is a general consensus that some of the French scientists (Lavoisier, Carnot, etc.) used “q” to measure the quantity of heat transferred as they were investigating conservation of energy during thermodynamic processes.
WORKING
(Forces)
HEATING (contact) Q

4. How is energy stored? (Energy Storage Modes)
Kinetic ∆EK How fast?
Gravitational ∆EG How high?
Elastic ∆EE How stretched?
Thermal ∆ETH How hot?
Chemical ∆ECH How many Calories?
Internal ∆EIN Solid/Liquid/Gas?
Electromagnetic ∆EEM How shocking?
Mass ∆EM How massive?
… more? (Like Ediss)
This slide can be confusing to some - take some time to introduce the idea of kinetic energy as energy of large bodies in motion, where – Ethermal can be the speed of the random wiggling of the particles and Einternal is the organization of the particles (solid vs liquid), and Echem is how they are bound together…seriously though, reading Swackhamer’s paper and other similar materials about making energy coherent is REALLY helpful! It may help the students to categorize them as potential (G, EL, CH, IN, EM) and kinetic (K, Th) or arrangements versus relative motion…

5. Changing how energy is stored in a system
∆E = ∆W + ∆R + ∆Q
Pie charts (circles) show amount of E in a system
And how it is stored
Can you describe the situation below?
Hold up an object (like a bowling ball) and ask students if the first diagram is a good representation of the system of the chosen object.
Now click to the second circle, and ask what changed, and how you should show that with the object (lift it up)
Did energy increase or decrease? How did energy get into the system (W, Q, or R?)?
Now show the next circle, and ask students to explain what might be happening. (No delta E, and most will come up with something along the lines of the object was dropped and is halfway down)
Ask “what would the storage modes be just before the object hits the ground?” W Eg
Eg Ek Eg

6. Examples of NRG storage and transfer
Demo (burning marshmallow)
Photosynthesis (Freddy the Plant)
Lighting a match
Buggies
Lifting weights
Playing with a windup toy
Melting Ice (and more?)
Burning a candle
Eating
These are just some examples – please feel free to come up with “better” ones for your students/subject.
It’s a great round robin activity for the students to walk through each station and identify:
THE SYSTEM, “BEFORE” and “AFTER”, is there a DELTA E, if so, is it via W, Q, R?, and then have them draw pie charts to represent the before and after, and any storage modes they can identify. (See the next slide for a possible template to give the students)

7. Describe the energy storage and transfer(s) in a system during a change
What is the system?
Describe “BEFORE” Describe “AFTER”
Does the energy of the system increase/decrease/not change?
If so, which of W, Q, and/or R are involved?
Now draw chart(s) to show what you described
(Label any Ek, Eg, Eel, Eth, Ech, Eint, Eem)