1. Chapter 6 APUSH Mrs. Price
“The Constitution only guarantees the American People the right to pursue happiness. You have to catch it yourself.” – Benjamin Franklin

2. Constitutional Convention
1787
To fix weaknesses of Articles of Confed.
All but Rhode Island
Proceedings kept secret
Participants: wealthy & well-known
Weaknesses:

3. Compromises Representation 1. New Jersey Plan: 1 house – equal
2. Virginia Plan: 2 houses – population
3. Great Compromise: 2 houses
Electoral College

4. Compromises cont. 3/5 Compromise (slaves)
Slave trade into nation would end in 1807
Commerce Compromise: Congress could tax imports but not exports

5. Ratification Needed 9 to ratify 1st to ratify: DE; Last: RI
Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists
1. Federalists: supported Constitution,
property owners, lived along coast
2. Anti-Federalists: supporters of states’
rights, poorer classes, from backcountry

6. Federalist Papers Written to convince NY to ratify
Jay, Madison, & Hamilton

7. New Government Begins Washington elected 3 Executive Depts created
1. State: Jefferson
2. War: Knox
3. Treasury: Hamilton
Bill of Rights added (1791)

8. New Govt cont. Courts established
1. Judiciary Act of 1789: federal courts &
attorney general
2. 1st Chief Justice: John Jay

9. New Economy
Hamilton urges funding the public debt & assumption of state debts
National debt is good
Money to come from tariff on foreign trade (8%) & excise tax on whiskey
Creation of national Bank (Hamilton)

10. Whiskey Rebellion Farmers in southwestern PA refused to pay excise tax
Washington calls out militia (13,000)
Rebellion ended quickly
Criticism of Washington
1794

11. Birth of Political Parties
Developed from Jefferson/Madison vs. Hamilton feud ( )

12. Federalists Followers of Hamilton Strong central govt
Pro-British in foreign policy
Govt should encourage business
Believed in govt by upper class
Most lived in urban areas of eastern seaboard

13. Republicans Followers of Jefferson & Madison
Feared strong central govt
Pro-French in foreign policy
Wanted a nation of small farmers
Advocated rule by the people
Mostly in South & SW & rural areas

14. Difficulties with Foreign Affairs
France & Britain went to war (1793)
Washington issues Neutrality Proclamation
Citizen Genet (France) breaks rules of diplomacy

15. Citizen Genet
Encouraged Americans to help France with their fight against England. Washington put a quick end to his actions.

16. Problems with Britain Kept frontier forts in US
Sold guns to Native Americans
British Navy impressed sailors & seized ships

17. Jay’s Treaty (1794) Britain promised to evacuate Western Forts
Britain agreed to pay damages to impressed ships (Mainly Northerners)
The United States agreed to pay back pre-revolutionary debts (mainly Southerners)

18. Pinckney’s Treaty 1795 With Spain
US received free navigation of Mississippi River & use of port of New Orleans

19. Election of 1796 John Adams (F) vs. Thomas Jefferson (DR)
Adams becomes President
Jefferson: VP

20. Adams Presidency Quasi-War with France
XYZ Affair (1797): demand for a bribe to speak to Talleyrand
1800: US & France negotiate peace
Alien & Sedition Acts (1798)
1. Citizenship requirements increased (5 to
14 years)
2. Crime to defame govt officials

21. Election of 1800
Jefferson defeats Adams but ties with Burr (VP candidate)
H of R decides: picks Jefferson due to influence of Hamilton

22. What Hamilton said of Burr
[He is] "For or against nothing, but as it suits his interests or ambition. I feel the religious duty to oppose his career."
To Oliver Wolcott Jr. (Hamilton's successor as Sec. of Treasury) about 1800 election and Burr, "There is no doubt that upon every virtuous and prudent calculation Jefferson is to be preferred. He is by far not so dangerous a man and he has pretensions to character."