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Maths symbols I_ Arithmetic symbols II_ Plus and minus

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Presentation on theme: "Maths symbols I_ Arithmetic symbols II_ Plus and minus"— Presentation transcript:

1 Maths symbols I_ Arithmetic symbols II_ Plus and minus
III_ Multiplication IV_ Symbols of Logic V_ Union and Intersection

2 Time line of mathematics symbols
a*b for a x b and a ÷ b by Rahn ab for multiplication 1460 1631 1698 + and – (addition and substraction) by Widmann + and – (signs) and a x b by Oughtred 1659 1544 a.b for a x b and a:b for a ÷ b by Leibniz

3 Arithmetic symbols By Eda Bayrak and Ezgi Koçal…

4 Arithmetic Symbols Arithmetic is the oldest and most elementary branch of mathematics, used by almost everyone, for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day counting to advanced science and business calculations.

5 By Charlotte and Célia…
Plus and minus By Charlotte and Célia…

6 + & - The plus and minus signs (+ and -) are mathematical symbols used to represent the notions of positive and negative as well as the operations of addition and subtraction.

7 History Johannes Widmann François Viete Robert Recorde 1460-1498

8 but also for negative and positive numbers.
And from these dates, plus and minus are used for all additions and substractions but also for negative and positive numbers. a-b=c -b+a=c

9 By Eda Bayrak and Ezgi Koçal…
Multiplication By Eda Bayrak and Ezgi Koçal…

10 Multiplication is the third basic operation of arithmetic.
‘’ a × b or a • b or a * b ‘’ All of them are same meaning.

11 Johann Rahn (1622-1676) William Oughtred (1574 –1660)
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz ( ) Johann Rahn ( )

12 History of Multiplication
Methods of multiplication were documented in the  Egyptian,  Greek,  Indian   Chinese civilizations.

13 By Münire Büyükgüllü, Sümeyye Nur Azman, Rita Barrocas…
Symbols of Logic By Münire Büyükgüllü, Sümeyye Nur Azman, Rita Barrocas…

14 -LOGIC- Math's logic is considered the science of reasoning and demonstration. Logic is especially important in mathematics and philosophy, but it is also used on our daily routine without even noticing.

15 History of Logical Symbols
George Boole

16 A simple statement is one that does not contain any other statement as a part. We will use the lower-case letters, p, q, r, ..., as symbols for simple statements. Simple statements : p ‘’p is true’’ assertion ~p ‘’p is false’’ negation Ex.: p: Sun is a star ( T ) ~p: Sun isn’t a star ( F ) In conclusion two denies equals to an affirmation. Ex: ~(~p) = p .

17 A truth table is a complete list of the possible truth values of a statement.
A truth table is a mathematical table used in logic specifically in connection with Boolean algebra, boolean functions, and propositional calculus. .

18 Compounds and connectives :

19 Union and Intersection
By Begüm Sarıdede and Şeyma Edizarslan…

20 George Cantor John Venn

21 VENN DIAGRAMS

22 UNION The union of two sets is the set of elements which are in either set. Examples: {1, 2} ∪ {red, purple} ={1, 2, red, purple} {1, 2, green} ∪ {red, purple, green} ={1, 2, red, purple, green} {1, 2} ∪ {1, 2} = {1, 2} For Example: A=(1,2,3) and B=(3,4,5) AUB=(1,2,3,4,5)

23 INTERSECTION The intersection of two sets is the set of elements which are in both sets. Examples: {1, 2} ∩ {red, purple} = ∅ {1, 2, green} ∩ {red, purple, green} = {green} {1, 2} ∩ {1, 2} = {1, 2} For Example: A=(1,2,3) and B=(3,4,5) A∩B=(3)

24 You can have more information about Arithmetic Symbols in :
Plus and minus made by Charlotte Laurent and Célia Lopes- Bernier Multiplication and Arithmetics Symbols made by Eda Bayrak and Ezgi Koçal. Symbol of Logic made by Münire Büyükgüllü, Sümeyye Nur Azman, Rita Barrocas. Union and intersection by Begüm Sarıdede and Şeyma Edizarslan.


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