1. Feed Nutrients

2. What is a Nutrient?
A chemical compound or element that aides in the support of life
Nutrients are needed for cells to grow, divide, live, and function properly!
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3. What is a Nutrient? Different kinds of nutrients are needed by animals
Nutrient requirements vary by species, age, production level
Nutrients must be balanced in order to provide the most benefits to the animal
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4. 5 Classifications of Nutrients
Energy Nutrients (Carbohydrates, fats, and oils)
Protein
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
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5. Energy Nutrients Carbohydrates
Made of sugars, starches, cellulose, and lignin
The body burns carbohydrates for energy for its cells
Extra carbohydrates are stored as fat in the body
Releases heat which keeps the body warm!
Allow energy for:
Heartbeats
Walking
Breathing
Digestive contractions
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6. Energy Nutrients Carbohydrates are classified as two types: Simple
Sugars and starches
Easily digested
Cereal grains (Corn, Wheat, Rye, Barley, Oats)
Complex
Fiber – composed of cellulose and lignin
More difficult to digest
Roughages (Alfalfa, Bromegrass, Hay, Orchard Grass)
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7. Energy Nutrients Fats and Oils
Provide more energy than carbohydrates to animals
2.25 times as much energy is available
Easily digested
Carry fat soluble vitamins
Fats are solid at body temperature
Oils are liquid at body temperature
Sources of Fats/Oils: Cereal Grains, rendered animal fat, Oilseeds
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8. Protein Organic compounds made up of amino acids
Used to build body tissue, as well as horns, hooves, hair, internal organs, and skin.
Essential for pregnant animals
Sources of Protein: Urea, soybean meal, cotton seed meal, linseed meal, meat meal, fish meal, whey, dried milk
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9. Vitamins Trace organic compounds – needed in small amounts only
Two groups:
Fat Soluble: A, D, E, and K
Help with healthy eyes, conception rate, and disease resistance
Water Soluble: C and B-Complex
Helps with teeth and bone formation, increased energy, increased appetite, growth, and reproduction
Sources of Vitamins: Green leafy hay, milk, cod liver oil, fish soluble, certain animal proteins
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10. Minerals Inorganic materials needed in trace amounts
Provide for bone growth, teeth, and tissue, aid in muscular activities, repair of body tissue, digestion of feed, other body processes, immunity to diseases
Sources: Mineral blocks or milled into feeds
Two types
Macro minerals – Needed in larger amounts
Sodium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus
Micro minerals – Needed in smaller amounts
Iron, iodine, sulfur, magnesium, iodine, copper, cobalt, zinc, boron, manganese, selenium, and fluorine
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11. Water Water makes up the largest mass of living organisms
Amount of water needed varies by animal
40-80% of an animals body is water
Functions:
Controls temperature
Dissolves nutrients
Acts as a carrier in blood for nutrients
Certain chemical reactions in the body
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