1. Warm - Ups

2. What plant cell organelle changes carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into glucose?
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Nucleus

3. Which statement best explains the reason muscle cells have more mitochondria than brain cells? Muscle cells:
Have fewer proteins than brain cells
Have a smaller nucleus than brain cells
Use more energy than brain cells
Have more excess water than brain cells

4. The function of a cell wall is to:
Give the cell energy
Let things go in and out of the cell
Store genetic material
Provide structural support

5. Melanin is the pigment that gives humans skin color
Melanin is the pigment that gives humans skin color. What is the pigment makes plants green?
Cytoplasm
Chlorophyll
Carotene
Phycobilin

6. You want to compare the shapes of different bacterial cells
You want to compare the shapes of different bacterial cells. What tool can you use to observe the shapes of the cells?
Telescope
Petri dish
Microscope
Hand lens

7. This illustration of a cell has a label
This illustration of a cell has a label. If there were no label, how could you tell that this is a plant cell and not an animal cell?
The cell has a nucleus.
The cell is surrounded by a cell membrane.
The cell is surrounded by a cell wall.
The cell contains cytoplasm.

8. Which structure in this cell contains the genes that control inheritance?
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Mitochondrion
Nuclear membrane

9. Vacuoles store water and nutrients and are found in plant and animal cells. In plant cells, vacuoles are larger and also:
Are the site of photosynthesis
Help maintain turgor pressure
Control the functions of the cell
Provide energy for the cell

10. In the cell below, what organelle is the arrow pointing to?
Vacuole
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm

11. A stray dog was taken to a veterinarian
A stray dog was taken to a veterinarian. What cell organelle would help the veterinarian determine the breed of the dog?
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

12. Cell theory states that all organisms:
Are composed of cells
Reproduce asexually
Reproduce sexually
Have a cell wall

13. Organelle X in the animal and plant cells above have a similar structure. What can you conclude about the function of these organelles? They perform:
Respiration
Photosynthesis
The same functions
Different functions

14. The skeletal system of humans supports the body and gives it shape
The skeletal system of humans supports the body and gives it shape. What structure carries out this same function in the plant cell shown above?
Cell wall
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Nucleus

15. Which elements, represented by their chemical symbols are contained in most organic compounds?
Ch, O
Ca, H, O
C, H, O
C, Hg, O

16. Every organic compound contains which element?
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Carbon

17. Which of these is the MAIN source of the chemical changes to food as it enters the digestive system?
Bile
Teeth
Saliva
Tongue

18. How do enzymes aid digestion of carbohydrate in the digestive system?
Enzymes bind carbohydrates together so they become more complex.
Enzymes break carbohydrates down into simple sugars.
Enzymes convert carbohydrates into proteins.
Enzymes transform carbohydrates into forms that can bind to cells.

19. According to the graph --‐ Eggs contain the least amount of protein.
The body absorbs Beef protein the fastest.
Soy protein contains the least soluble type.
Beef is the least soluble of all the protein sources.
Grams per hour
Beef
Whey
Cream
Soy
Whole
Milk
Egg
Protein source

20. Where does mechanical digestion begin during the process of digestion?
Teeth
Saliva
Stomach
Small intestine

21. Which of the following statements accurately compares chemical and physical (mechanical) digestion systems?
They are similar because they both are needed for digestion
Mechanical digestion breaks down food to smaller particles, while chemical digestion changes food into different substances
Mechanical digestion requires acids and enzymes, while chemical digestion uses churning and grinding to break food into smaller piece
Chemical digestion only occurs in the stomach, while mechanical digestion occurs in the moth, stomach and intestines

22. Lipids are large organic compounds that are broken down during digestion into smaller units called--‐
Oil
Amino acids
Proteins
Fatty acids

23. In the structure, D represents:
Where food is absorbed into the bloodstream
Where food undergoes both chemical and physical digestion
Where food is excreted within the body
Where water is absorbed by the tissues surrounding the structure

24. In structure, A shows mechanical digestion begins with the --‐
Saliva
Stomach
Esophagus
Teeth

25. pH is a measure of how acidic or alkaline something is
pH is a measure of how acidic or alkaline something is. Enzymes work best under certain pH conditions to aid the chemical digestion of food. According to the graph:
This enzyme works best with a pH of 6.
This enzyme activity is optimal at a pH of 7.
The enzyme has no best pH level.
The enzyme is most active under basic conditions (pH 0--‐5).