1. Civilizations to Empires
China and India
Civilizations to Empires

2. India Indus River Valley Two main cities Jobs Mohenjo-Daro Harappa
Farmers
Priest Kings
Merchants and traders

3. Indus Valley Cities Fall
Aryan nomads come from the north
Seeking water and pasture
Aryan social classes (eventual Caste system)
Priests
Warriors
Herders, Famers, artisans, and merchants
Non-Aryan
Patriarchal
Religion
Polytheistic
Natural Disasters? Earthquakes?

4. Caste System Over time, a caste system was created.
Governed every aspect of a persons life.
Jobs
Marriage
Residence

5. Mauryan Empire First rulers to unify much of India Chandragupta Maurya
Grandson Ashoka assumed power ( B.C.E.)
Gained control over all but the southern tip of India
Converted to Buddhism
Improved trade and communication
After Ashoka the empire began to fall apart

8. The Kushans After Ashoka’s death, Kushans pushed in from the northwest
Kanishka also converted to Buddhism
The collapse of the Kushan state in 220 C.E. ushered in a period of instability
The Gupta’s then established a large empire in 320 C.E.

10. Growth of religion Hinduism No single founder or text Brahman
Reincarnation
Karma
Polytheistic
Today it is the 3rd largest religion behind Christianity and Islam

11. Growth of religion continued
Buddhism
Siddhartha Gautama
Four Nobel Truths
Truth of Suffering
The truth of the origin of suffering
The truth of the cessation of suffering
nirvana
The truth of the path to the cessation of suffering
The Eightfold Path

12. China Physically separated from India, Egypt, and Middle East
High mountains, deserts, jungles, ocean
Developed with the need to control water
Trading
Silk route

13. Chinese Dynasties

14. Three periods make up classical China: the Zhou, the Qin, and the Han
Zhou dynasty ( B.C.E.)
Ruled through alliances with regional princes and families
Support given through taxes and troops
Decline came as regional leaders became strong, and disregarded the govt.
Mandate of Heaven
Claimed the heavens mandated the dynasties to rule over China
Promoted the use of Mandarin Chinese
Created calendars, made the first books
B.C.E. “Era of Warring States” and the Zhou dynasty ended

15. Qin Qin Shi Huangdi became the First emperor of the Qin dynasty
China organized into large provinces ruled by bureaucrats
Expanded the empire
Built the Great Wall of China
Written Chinese script became uniform
Upon Shi Huangdi’s death, revolts broke out
Ushered in the Han dynasty

16. Han Advanced trade Extended empire
The Silk Road linked China with the fertile crescent
Lasted 400 years

17. Chinese Dynasties

18. Philosophy and religion
Confucius
551 B.C.E.
Brilliant scholar
Harmony comes when people accept their place in society
Filial piety
Legalism
Hanfeizi
Impose harsh laws and strict punishments
Daoism
Live in harmony with nature